[Editor’s Note]
As the absolute main force in the financial industry, the steady development of the banking and insurance industry has a bearing on the overall situation. According to a recent report by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, in the first half of this year, cases of bancassurance institutions continued to show a high incidence, involving a total of 49.580 billion yuan, and a total of 585 bancassurance institution practitioners were taken compulsory measures. The main risks and problems presented by the case include the intertwining of financial corruption and business violations, the prominent endogenous problems of small and medium-sized banking institutions, the hidden risks of financial technology application, the outstanding moral hazard in the field of non-performing asset disposal, the renovation of personal housing loan fraud, and major insurance cases Six categories of serious harm. Where does the financial risk problem presented by the bancassurance industry originate, and how to prevent and resolve related risk problems? The news explores the above six types of risk questions one by one, trying to find some answers from them.
Housing is closely related to people’s lives, and housing-related loans have been receiving widespread attention from the outside world.
In recent years, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission has been emphasizing that it is necessary to resolutely implement the requirements of “no speculation in housing and housing”, strictly enforce regulatory rules such as credit concentration, and strictly prevent the illegal flow of credit funds into real estate The market continues to curb the real estate financialization bubble. However, under strict control, there are still people who use some “innovative” methods to try to make breakthroughs.
The China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission recently issued a report on criminal cases involving bancassurance institutions in the first half of 2021, stating that dozens of cases occurred in Zhejiang, Henan, Gansu, and Guangxi. A new type of external fraud case related to personal housing loans. The perpetrators used the banks to have many collateral management loopholes, the information exchange with the real estate registration management department is not smooth, and the loan “three inspection” system is not in place, etc., to evade the supervision of real estate loans, and the fraudulent methods are constantly renovated, which seriously affects the “housing and housing” system. The “no speculation” policy has been implemented.
A person from the local Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau told the news that for the above-mentioned new external fraud cases, the bureau has given relevant risk warnings, but it is internal information and should not be disclosed.
There are also local banking and insurance regulatory bureaus that directly disclose relevant risk warning information on their official website. In April of this year, the Zhejiang Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau published on its official website the “Consumption Tips on the Risks of Consumption Loans and Business Loans Flowing into the Housing Market in Honest and Trustworthy, Contracted Payments”, stating that a small number of consumers use personal consumption loans, personal business loans, and small and micro businesses. Business loans are handled in the name of business loans, but the loan funds are not used in strict accordance with the agreed use, and part of the loan funds are used to purchase real estate in violation of regulations; there are even illegal social intermediaries in the name of “packaging loans”.When consumers do not actually operate a business, they encourage and assist consumers to forge business information and bank account records for business loans. The above situation not only violates relevant laws and regulations, but also adversely affects consumers themselves.
According to Zhejiang Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau, since the fourth quarter of last year, the bureau has imposed 19 administrative penalties on banks within its jurisdiction for violations of real estate credit, and fined more than 15 million. Yuan.
The Shanghai Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau has opened a special area for reporting and consulting on the illegal inflow of business loans into the real estate sector. The general public are welcome to call the bureau’s reporting and consulting hotline to provide clues.
In this report, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission pointed out three types of problems: One is under the guise of the bank, in the Real Estate Registration Center repeat the loan application after unsecuring the same property< /strong>, accumulatively tens of millions of yuan in credit funds. Secondly, a third-party intermediary organization organized a number of social personnel with no loan records and good credit records to apply for loans collectively, using false down payment vouchers for second-hand houses, defrauding mortgage loans with “zero down payment”, and colluding with real estate at the same time Appraisal companies overestimate the value of real estate transactions and obtain more loan funds. The third is unauthorized changes in the use of loans, a large number of operating loans flowed into the housing market in violation of regulations.
A person from the Bank’s Risk Management Department told the news that for the new type of mortgage fraud, the bank has strengthened process control, system control and monitoring of doubtful points to prevent various new types of mortgage fraud risks. And moral hazard. For example, by strengthening process control, clarifying the division of labor and responsibilities of various departments, and doing a good job in the division of loan procedures, different departments check each other and separate responsibilities, and prevent the business departments from being “one-handedly cleared.”
The above-mentioned people said that separation of duties and “independence” are very important. The independence of mortgage processing and cancellation can prevent business personnel from handling it on their own and ensure the implementation of mortgage registration procedures. Independent collateral value evaluation can evaluate the value of collateral more reasonably and prevent the value of collateral from being inflated. In the process of approval and lending, mutual independence can more fully and truly review the integrity and authenticity of client qualifications and approval documents.
In the process of individual house purchase, intermediary is often indispensable. It is precisely because of the failure of this link of supervision that some intermediary companies have been able to use various loopholes to publicize low down payment or even zero down payment to customers.