This article is from the WeChat public account: Earth Knowledge Agency (ID: diqiuzhishiju) , author: that day the Soviet Union
Russia today no longer has the status of a superpower in the Soviet Union, but it still has a strong influence in military, science and technology, and politics. But as a pole of the modern international society, if there is no independent and developed agriculture as the basis, it will not be possible to talk about its dominant position in other fields.
Russia is a rural-based agricultural society. However, it was not known as a major agricultural country either in the Tsarist period or the Soviet period. Even in the early days of the collapse of the Soviet Union, a wide range of famines occurred. As a result, less than thirty years after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the cowardly Russian agriculture not only came out of its predicament, but also successfully counterattacked, becoming one of the world’s largest food suppliers.
How did this happen?
The trough of transformation
On December 26, 1991, the last meeting of the Supreme Soviet Republic House was held. This country that once aimed at liberating all mankind played the national anthem “Unbreakable Alliance” for the last time, and then announced its disintegration. As the most important successor country of the Soviet Union, Russia has accepted all the Soviet Union’s overseas deposits, embassies and consulates and other state property.
In fact, in the Beloway Day Agreement half a month ago,
The Soviet Union has virtually ended.
(Russia, Ukraine, Belarus withdraw from the Soviet Union, another CIS)
(picture from: Wikipedia @ U. Ivanov / Ю. Иванов) ▼
Russia, the successor of the Soviet Union, faces a country with rigid systems and stagnant economic development. The social turmoil and ideological changes caused by the collapse of the Soviet Union also worsened Russia’s domestic economy.
The ending of the Soviet Union has come to mind
But I did not expect to come so fast, nor did I think what to do after the Soviet Union
(picture from: Wikipedia @ ITAR-TASS) ▼
The first Russian leader, led by Yeltsin, held the view that the main reasons for the economic difficulties of the Soviet Union were the planned economic policies of the CPSU and incomplete economic system reforms. Therefore, to save Russia ’s economy, we must fully westernize, implement economic liberalization and full privatization policies, and the government withdraws from the supervision of economic behavior and abandons the public ownership economy. It is also called “shock therapy”.
The Soviet economy is indeed rigid and inefficient because of a monolithic plan
But a “damn” economy does not mean that shock can be resurrected
Because of the breadth of the planned economy of the Soviet Union
The result of the shock is the stagnation and disorder of the national economy
(picture from: Roman Kosolapov / Shutterstock.com) ▼
The highlight of shock therapy is to let go of prices. The government of the Russian Federation has promulgated regulations that, from January 2, 1992, 90% of the price of consumer goods and 80% of the price of means of production will be liberalized. At the same time, restrictions on revenue growth were lifted.
The result is severe inflation and skyrocketing prices
When the ruble can be exchanged for US dollars, it must be greatly devalued.
People may not be able to afford anything, but Americans can buy and buy
(picture from: Wikipedia @ Brian Kelley) ▼
Second is privatization. Heidel, then Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, believed that the reforms in the late Soviet Union were unsuccessful because state-owned enterprises were not market players and did not have sufficient market competition mechanisms. Therefore, Russia has launched a vigorous privatization reform while liberalizing prices, including the privatization of agricultural land.
Yegor Heydar is the chief designer of Russia’s economic reforms
However, its design is full of controversy and cost.
(picture from: Wikipedia @ Sorib) ▼
In the early stage of the implementation of shock therapy, the people were full of excitement and expectations, thinking that they could get private property unimaginable in the Soviet era. However, the Russian government blindly promoted liberalization and privatization. As a result, the wealthy and powerful foreign capitalists who possessed a large number of resources and information and the powerful foreign capitalists madly embezzled state-owned assets. The share originally belonging to the common people was also quietly divided. Already.
or you can also use your own little power