Market economy system. Throughout human history, the evolution of the market economy system has shown the following characteristics:
First, the typical free market economy is getting less and less, and the typical The government of the market economy countries has more and more intervention. Taking Britain and the United States as examples, there are two nodes, one is the Great Crisis of 1929, and the other is that after the Second World War, more and more government intervention. Now the US government even helps US market players suppress market players in other countries. Such policies are government interventions in the market.
Second, the market economy has different models. France is a market economy with plan guidance, because of its mercantilist policies in history, in order to sell more and buy less, many national factories have been established, and there is plan guidance. Germany’s social market economy relies on full competition to ensure economic efficiency and macro-control to ensure social fairness, justice and social stability. The market economy of different countries depends on the history and culture of these countries, and there is no one-size-fits-all model.
Third, we cannot change the socialist market economic system. Before choosing a market economy, we have chosen socialism. We accept the market economy on the basis of socialism. The distinctive feature of socialism is public ownership. Our socialist basic economic system is based on the state-owned economy, and other economies compete and develop on an equal footing. The state-owned economy is the extension of government functions. We can’t abandon this point. We can only integrate well with the market economy on this basis and combine the advantages of all aspects. The focus of the reform in this process should be the government, including how the government delegates its power and how to adapt to the needs of the market economy system, so as to ensure the superiority of the integration of the two systems.
In fact, the fight against the new coronary pneumonia epidemic fully demonstrated the superiority of the combination of market economy and socialism. We can organize tens of millions of medical troops in a short period of time, thanks to the strong organizational capabilities of the government and our public hospitals. The goals of public hospitals and private hospitals are different, and the tasks are different. The same is true for mask production. In ordinary times, a mask is an ordinary commodity, but in extraordinary times it is a strategic material. Market organization is also acceptable, but it takes a relatively long process, and there are ups and downs in prices, as well as problems that some people cannot afford. Under this circumstance, this task was accomplished well through the organization of the government. This is not a return to a centralized economy, it is precisely a good combination of government and market. If the government does not take action anymore, then it will be chaotic! we can notWhile emphasizing the market economy, the babies in our bathtub were also thrown away.
All countries are looking for a balance between market and government, just like looking for a balance on a seesaw. Our country has found it, this is our socialist market economy. It is impossible for us to abandon the socialist system. This is where the cohesion of the people across the country lies and where the goal of struggle is. Of course, if there is no market economy, there is no reform efficiency. Such a document is a summary and specification of the past, and we will have such a document in the future, because we will have new practice and a new understanding of practice in the future. This process will never end. We should further improve our socialist market economic system at a higher starting point and at a higher level under the guidance of this document, and unswervingly advance in this direction.
Another issue is the distribution according to work. This document clearly states that “Adhere to the distribution according to work as the main body and multiple distribution methods coexist, optimize the pattern of income distribution, improve the sustainable multi-level social security system, and allow more achievements in reform and development to benefit all people more fairly.” Improve the income distribution system that reflects efficiency and promotes fairness. Adhere to more work and more gains, focus on protecting labor income, increase labor compensation for workers, especially first-line workers, increase the proportion of labor compensation in the initial distribution, and achieve residents while economic growth Simultaneous increase in income, and simultaneous increase in labor compensation while increasing labor productivity.”
The issue of distribution should become a central issue in economics. Marx talked about the distribution of socialism and communism in the future. Communism can greatly increase people’s income, and labor is no longer a means of earning a living, and it has become the first need of people. At that time, it can achieve all its abilities and distribute according to needs. As for the primary stage of communism, that is, the stage of socialism, because people’s consciousness is not so high, labor is still a means of livelihood. Except for labor, all other means of production are state-owned and collective. After making various deductions, you can achieve more work, more work, less work and less distribution according to work.
Marx’s “Capital” studies the capitalist mode of production. Distribution in the capitalist production relationship is a very important link connecting production and exchange. The entire “Capital” emphasizes the issue of distribution: because capitalists are distributed according to factors of production, capital gets profits, land gets rent, and workers only get their own wages, the result is the accumulation of poverty, the accumulation of wealth, and polarization , Leading to a violent revolution brewing by the deprived. The extreme of conflicts of interest was a violent revolution, when workers’ strikes and uprisings were caused by such problems.