This article is from WeChat official account:breaking words (ID: pocier), author: Kai Kai, editor: six concubine. The title picture comes from: the movie “Fatal ID”
Hollywood’s obsession with taboos is no longer a day or two. Delusion, paranoia, and voyeurism, the more taboo, the more attractive.
Recently, there is a new film called “Mr. Glass”, which is the sequel to “Split”. In the 100 years before the two were released, split personality has become one of the most representative themes of these diseases.
For the seventh art, illness is not only consumption, but also a manifestation of the increasing importance of psychoanalysis.
One, double and multiple
The split personality movie can be traced back to “Dr. Incarnation” filmed by Universal in 1920.
The ambitious doctor Jackel, who believes that human spirit has completely opposite “two-sidedness”, for this reason he invented a potion that can dissociate personality, allowing himself to be in the gentle “Doctor Jacker” and brutality Freely convert between “Hyde”.
Similar to Freud’s iceberg theory, the morally suppressed “consciousness” is only the tip of the iceberg of personality, and the “subconscious” buried under the iceberg-the Hyde who wants to do evil, is being tempted by the patient Later, he turned himself into a brutal criminal.
So in the most classic 1931 version, after the doctor played by Frederick March was transformed, the first sentence was “I am finally free”.
©️The picture above is “Dr. Incarnation” (1920), and the picture below is “Dr. Incarnation” (1931)
The original author Stevenson published the novel of the same name in 1887—only two years after Freud and Breuer collaborated on the publication of “Hysterical Studies.”
The original purpose of Stevenson’s writing was to conduct a thorough research on the theory of dual personality. The English title of the movie-“Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”, has now become a synonym for “dual personality” in psychology.
©️”Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” published in 1887, the picture shows the title page
In the early years, when schizophrenia patients in literature, movies, and reality changed from “dual personality” to 17 or 24 “multiple personality” without exaggeration, the same character showed two completely Different personalities are usually manifested as the opposition between “good” and “evil”.
The key to dissociating personality is always accompanied by a scientific accident.
In 1924, Robert Wayne’s “Hands of Orak” was exactly the same.
In a fire, the young pianist who was addicted to piano lost his hands. Under the pleading of his wife, the doctor connected him a pair of hands of a murderer who had just been executed.
The pianist who knows the truth can no longer touch the keys and his wife with these hands. He can’t help but dream of crime and struggles fiercely with reason and fantasy. “I can feel you, along the arm, touching your soul, cold, cruel, and merciless. ThisDouble cursed hands! “
©️ “The Hand of Orak” (1924)
The same pattern was also bridged to “Black Friday” in 1940. Brain doctors transplanted the brains of the underworld to their colleagues, so the gentle academics were inspired to characterize the underworld bosses.
©️ “Black Friday” (1940)
The “Three Faces of Eve” in 1957 and the “Scary” in 1960 can be regarded together as a turning point in the formal intervention of psychoanalysis in a split personality film.
“Three-faced Eve” is based on the novel of the same name co-written by Corbett Tigpeng and Hervey Klekley. The former is a psychiatrist and the latter is a well-known expert in the field of personality disorders and antisocial personality disorders .
In the book, Eve split into a triple personality has a character prototype: Chris Costina Sezemore, who is suffering from headaches, forgetfulness, and depression, while doing his duty in the boring family life , Looking forward to a free and independent life.
From the beginning of “Three Faces of Eve”, multi-personality films are based on realism for the first time and involve psychoanalysis.
©️ “Three Faces Eve” (1957)
Several years later, in “Scary”, which has been recorded forever in history, screenwriter Joseph Stefano reflected on his relationship with his mother and became a unique Norman:
Not only Oedipus, but also “internalized” his own mother. In the scene where he kills Marianne, the audience can see two personalities from him. In other words, Norman has changed from “schizophrenia” to “schizophrenia”.
©️ “The Cry” (1960), this action of Norman reveals the entanglement of his dual personality: one hand blocks, the other strangles
I want to clarify here that although schizophrenia and split personality are both “personality disorders”, they are completely different things. What we usually say of “fine film” is not a “schizophrenic” movie, but a “split personality” movie.
Personality is an inherent behavioral pattern of a person in daily life. Therefore, personality disorder (Personality Disorder) refers to a person’s deviation His normal and deep-rooted behavior.
Schizophrenia(Schizophrenic Disorder) is a state of depersonalization. Patients often have symptoms such as auditory hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and speech disorders. Schizophrenia (Dissociated Personality) and multiple personality (Dissociative Identity Disorder)< /span> means that the patient has two or more distinct personalities.
Schizophrenia is more common, and split personality is rare.
In the state of schizophrenia, the personality of the patient is almost disintegrated and the individual cannot survive independently, but the personality of the patient with schizophrenia will undergo dramatic changes, and the individual personality can still survive.
For example, the mathematician John Nash in “Beautiful Mind” imagined his roommate, a little girl in red, and a soldier who hunted him down.
Although there are three kinds of personalities here, they are not attached to Nash. They are the product of Nash’s fantasy. Therefore, this behavior is a delusional “schizophrenia.”
©️”Beautiful Mind”, the split composition implies Nash’s delusional “schizophrenia”
If psychoanalytic films can be divided into “before Hitchcock” and “after Hitchcock”, then films about multiple personalities may also be divided into “before “The Devil” and ” After “Heart Demon Tribulation”.
In 1973, Flora Rita Schreiber, editor of the psychiatry column of “Science Digest” in the United States, produced 16 independent personalities based on the patient Shirley Mason’s experience(It turns out to be a fabrication many years later) is adapted into the novel “Sybil”.
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