We have hardly seen much visual style updates.
It turns out that this is very likely to be an “aircraft draft”
However, judging from the existing content, the above screenshots and the in-depth theme customization previously exposed by foreign media[5] The span> function is not unfounded. Many of the system interfaces in Android 12 DP1 are replaced with a light blue background, which echoes the default blue theme of Pixel. The overlay interface includes all secondary system setting interfaces and quick settings. Switch buttons, biometric identification pop-up windows, etc. However, at present, this color scheme is not able to pick colors based on the wallpaper like the exposed screenshots, and changing the system color scheme in the “style and wallpaper” settings will not affect it.
Changing the system color (Figure 3) will not affect the global light blue background
Pixel Launcher has added a 4×5 grid style. In addition to the interface customization features, there are few new features compared to Android 11. The related options for theme customization may not be until the first Beta test version in May. online.
When you come to the settings interface, the user profile picture is taken out separately from the search box, and has a larger size, which is the same as Android 11.
Android 11 vs. Android 12 DP1
In addition, Android 12 DP1 also introduces new switch control styles in many setting interfaces. The new style is flatter than the old version. At the same time, there are corresponding symbol prompts in the on and off states. There are quite a few The taste of iOS:
New switch style
Some setting items have also been integrated, for example, the function of watching the bright screen will get the screen timeout optionIt is more in line with the indexing and classification logic; at the same time, the “Share Near” button is directly provided under the Wi-Fi QR code sharing interface. If the other party’s mobile phone supports this function, you can skip the step of scanning the QR code to connect Wi-Fi.
It is worth mentioning that Google actually hides a brand new setting style in Android 12 DP1: After connecting the phone to the computer, you can use the following adb command to open a setting interface called Silky for Android 12 DP1 Home’s new UI:
adb shell settings put global settings_silky_home true
Silky Home
One UI and Oxygen OS users should not be unfamiliar with such a UI. Whether it is the large area of the title bar at the top of the screen or the larger settings menu icon, the design idea of Android 12 DP1, a hidden UI, is the same as OEM The design ideas of the manufacturers are the same- is more friendly to one-handed operation. But this design style is still stuck for GoogleIn the setting interface, after all, Google’s own application has not made any relevant adaptations to this design specification.
Finally, the dark theme has also been slightly adjusted. The background color of the notification center and the quick setting panel under the dark theme is adjusted to gray, which is more in line with Google’s dark theme design specifications and accessibility standards, but the settings interface still uses pure black Background, I don’t know if subsequent updates will be refurbished.
Gesture operation is missing and filling vacancies, also exploring new interactions
From interface to interaction, since the introduction of full-screen gestures in Android 10, Google has done a lot of repair work around this new set of interaction methods[6 ] to ensure its compatibility and availability. Although most domestic applications have not yet completed the adaptation of “edge to edge(edge to edge)“, Google has improved the full-screen gesture interaction There is no stopping.
We first distinguish a few concepts. On the Android platform, the way to make the application display in full screen (full screen mode [7]) points There are three modes: callback mode, immersion mode and sticky immersion mode. The callback mode and immersion mode can be collectively referred to as non-sticky immersion mode:
The representative of non-sticky immersive mode is Google Photos, that is, when we view the photo in full screen, the system bar (mainly the status bar and the gesture bar) will be hidden automatically, but we can exit the full screen by clicking and swiping at any time; game players are more familiar with the sticky immersive mode. In this full screen mode, we need to slide inward on the edge of the screen to exhale the edge gesture The horizontal bar and the top status bar, and then swipe again to trigger the gesture operation to return to the home screen.
The full-screen gestures introduced in Android 10 have always had a “continuity” problem in non-sticky immersive mode. In the example of “Viewing photos in full screen with Google Photos” above, return, return to the home screen and other high priority The operation requires two swipes to trigger.
In Android 11, the full-screen gestures cannot be used when the system bar is hidden
Android 12 DP1 has simplified the gesture operation in non-sticky mode, specifically:
When using the button navigation mode (ie, the “Three Kings”), the visual feedback and operation steps for exiting the non-sticky immersion mode remain unchanged ;
When using full-screen gestures, the system can directly respond to gesture operations when the system bar is not called out. Whether it is to return, Home or pull down the notification bar, only one operation is required.
The actual effect is as follows:
Android 12 system can directly respond to full-screen gesture operations in non-sticky immersive mode
It is worth mentioning that, because games, videos and other applications generally use sticky immersive mode, they will not be affected by this change. Naturally, we don’t have to worry about this change will cause false touches.
In addition to full-screen gestures, Google has also buried some experimental interactive features that have not yet been officially launched in Android 12 DP1.
The first is the back tap gesture. This feature that appeared in the Android 11 code last year directly appeared in the gesture settings of Pixel 5 this time. From the setting items, Google is the back tap gesture of Pixel phones. Prepared many custom operations such as waking up the voice assistant, controlling media playback, and taking screenshots. At the same time, it also provides anti-incorrect touch settings(Require harder taps) .
Picture: 9to5Google
Somewhat strangely, the back tap gesture is only available to Pixel 5 in Android 12 DP1. Pixel 4/4XL, which does not have a rear fingerprint recognition sensor and is more suitable for this interactive method, is temporarily lost; at the same time, it is available on Pixel 5. A function currently only provides a switch, which has no practical effect after being turned on.
In addition, Google seems to be developing a native “one-handed mode”. Judging from the video [8] released by Mishaal Rahman, the editor-in-chief of XDA, after turning on the related hiding function, it is common to the current OEM manufacturers. The method of zooming to the corners of the screen is different. Google’s one-handed operation mode is more like the drop-down hover of iOS.
Picture: Mishaal Rahman
The notification routine is “knocked” and the media notification will be changed
The changes to the notification system will hardly be absent from previous Android developer betas, and this time, Android 12 DP1 is no exception.
First of all, the notification style is more standardized in style and layout.
Android application developers can generally build notifications through the standard notification template [9] on this basis , You can also use custom notification templates according to actual needs[10] or Expandable notification template [11] Build notification styles with more flexible layout and more diverse content.
In order to display as much notification content as possible while saving development costs, most of the applications we currently use use custom notification templates, but different developers have different notification design methods, so custom notification templates are used Also often encounter various compatibility issues that affect the actual notification display effect.
So Android 12 has been updated for this style that is widely used by Android developers. In Android 12, there is a new unified design template for custom notification styles, which can make different notifications as consistent as possible. , It can also improve the efficiency of users viewing notification information.
New customized notification template
New version of custom notification effect
Previously, using custom notification templates to build notification applications, the message push under Android 12 DP 1 can actually automatically adapt to the newThe style is (right in the picture below). Compared with Android 11’s new custom notification style, the main image display area is larger, and various operation buttons are aligned in accordance with the content of the notification:
Android 11 vs. Android 12 DP1
Secondly, the notification delay function that comes with the Android system is also better. On the basis of the original setting of Snooze by swiping left and right, Android 12 DP1 directly adds a new Snooze button on the notification card (alarm clock)< /span>, so that we can click directly to delay the operation.
Although it has been modified and improved many times during the Android 11 testing phase, the Android development team still has more designs and ideas for media notification cards. From the design of the media interface elements, Android 12 DP1 compared to the official version of Android 11, in addition to the larger area of the card itself, the song album cover also reoccupied nearly one-third of the left side of the card, used to control audio playback The button of came to the middle position, aligned with the media information to the left.
Lock screen media notification card: Android 11 vs. Android 12
In the notification bar, Android 12 DP1 directly fills the left and right sides of the media card to align with the notification bar, further increasing the display area of the media card, plus the space left by the left-aligned control elements. Area, The follow-up update of Android 12 obviously needs more functional and design polishing of the media card.
Media notification card in the notification bar: Android 11 vs. Android 12
Fortunately, although not very attractive, the media notification card mechanism itself is more complete. Android 12 DP1 introduces the application selection function for the media card. We can select the applications that can be displayed in the media card of the quick settings panel in “Settings> Sounds and Vibration> Media> Media Player in the Quick Settings”; vice versa. Make certain apps “invisible” from the location of the media card.
App settings that allow the display of media cards
In addition to more standardized notification styles and media notification card adjustments, Android 12 DP1 has also begun to focus on optimizing the visual and interactive experience of notifications.
At the visual level, Android users have more or less seen notifications like “App is running”, such as WeChat, if we do not turn on “Battery Optimization” for them, we can occasionally observe similar The notification appears and disappears.
The Android development team also seems to know that this type of notification is annoying, so Android 12 DP1 introduced a delay in front-end service notifications[12] Mechanism, as the name suggests, some notifications of foreground services that appear regularly and will not be resident can be displayed with a delay of up to 10 seconds. Therefore, if the relevant foreground tasks can be completed in a short time, no notifications will appear.
At the interactive level, Android 12 DP1 further accelerates the response speed of notification operations. In the past, developers often used a broadcast receiver or service as an “intermediary” to process the user’s notification operation behavior and call up the corresponding active window(this ” The scientific name of “intermediary” is notification trampolines). Problem: This method is actually very inefficient. In fact, we often encounter situations where it takes a long time to respond to certain notification operations after clicking.
Android 12 recommends that developers migrate to allow notification operations to directly establish a response mechanism with the target active window to complete the interaction, so as to achieve faster notification operation feedback.
Picture: 9to5Google
In addition, 9to5Google has also enabled adaptive notification reminders in Android 12 DP1 through special means.[13] Function, the notification method will be decided by the system itself, eliminating the tedious process of manually setting the notification priority. For some notifications that have been set by the system, we can also choose to determine whether they are accurate according to the actual situation to improve the relevant algorithms.
Modern media format support, and compatibility optimization
Even if the performance of Android devices is constantly improving, when facing rich media content such as styled text or images, video, audio, etc., it is still difficult for different applications to complete the content as efficiently and quickly as the desktop operating system. Copy and migrate. This is also a problem that manufacturers such as Huawei and Samsung, which are still working on the Android tablet ecosystem in recent years, have been trying to solve.
Google hopes to provide more flexibility at the system level. In Android 12 DP1, the new Unified API[14] and the new interface in the UI component let We can quickly copy and paste rich text content between applications, and even use keyboard shortcuts to achieve a desktop-like rich text copy and paste experience.
Picture source: Android Developer
At the same time, in response to the problem that some applications do not support specific video format content playback, Android 12 will also use the Project Mainline module to upgrade to add “Compatible Video Transcoding”(Compatible media transcoding)[15] Function: whether it is HEVC(H.265 ) is still in HDR10/HDR10+ format. When the application opens a video file in an unsupported format, Android 12 can automatically convert HEVC(H.265) The video recorded in span> format is converted to the more compatible AVC(H.264) format to ensure compatibility during playback.
Correspondingly, in the USB preferences, Android 12 also added a video export transcoding function that can be directly checked and turned on: When we export from a mobile phone, use HEVC(H.265) When the video is captured in encoding format, the system will first perform an encoding conversion to make the exported video become AVC with better compatibility.(H.264) encoding format.
USB preferences and export encoding conversion
In terms of image format, Android 12 has introduced GIF and dynamic WebP image decoding capabilities to ImageDecoder[16] In addition, [17] for AVIF format image support has also been added. If you don’t know AVIF, it is an image encoding format based on the video encoding format AV1, and the current mainstream image format (such as JPEG)< Compared with /span>, the biggest advantage of AVIF is that it has a smaller file size and higher image quality without complicated patent licensing issues.
For pictures of the same quality, the volume of AVIF is 10% smaller than that of JPEG format. Source: jakearchibald.com
Currently, Chrome has added support for the AVIF format in version 85, and Firefox has also supported this feature in version 84.0. Although Safari has not yet followed up, considering that Apple itself is also the organization for the AV1 format , The promotion and popularization of this format should only be a matter of time. Android 12 is now at the forefront of the times.
Improve privacy protection, and security functions are more reliable
Compared with the “draft” in other places, the privacy and security part that was a core highlight last year, in Android 12 DP1, there are more minor repairs and minor fixes, including:
Apps whose target system version is Android 12 can no longer initiate foreground services when running in the background.[18]
Apps running on Android 12 cannot obtain the exact MAC address of the device. The system will return a null value to apps whose target system version is Android 12, and return a fixed value of 02:00 to apps whose target system version is lower than Android 12. :00:00:00:00[19]
Limit touch interactions on high-risk, security-related interfaces(Avoid click hijacking)[20], At the same time, applications are prohibited from closing the system dialog box[21]
In contrast, the emergency function located in “System Settings> Security and Emergency” is more worthy of our attention. After this feature is enabled, we can quickly press the power button more than 5 times to make an emergency call. We can also turn on the alarm before dialing in the settings according to the actual situation-most importantly, this The function will automatically set the emergency contact number according to the geographic location of the device(For example, the domestic default is 110), compared to most previous functions The practicability of Personal Safety functions that are not available in China has been greatly improved.
Finally, 9to5Google found through an investigation that there is a hidden “privacy switch” in Android 12 DP1[22]< The /span> function allows us to directly shield the camera and microphone calls through the quick setting switch to achieve the effect of simulating physical shielding hardware. This feature is currently not officially launched.
Picture: 9to5Google
The game experience has been upgraded, and the big screen Android also has drama
There are more and more Android devices on the market that use “games” as a selling point. Google’s own cloud gaming service Stadia also makes mobile devices an indispensable part of the gaming experience.
Google has previously brought more complete gamepad support to the Android platform through continuous updates. According to the research of XDA editor-in-chief Mishaal Rahman, Google has also embedded vibration feedback support for gamepads in Android 12 DP1 this time. , The relevant settings are located in the “Language and Input Method” option, which has not been officially launched yet.
Picture: Mishaal Rahman
In terms of gaming, it is also worth noting that Android 12 DP1 also allows developers to generate corresponding vibration feedback based on audio, so as to achieve a more immersive gaming experience. Of course, according to Google’s official documents, developers can also use this interface [23] development with different The dial-up application of vibrating reminder mode can be said to be a new feature with great potential.
Before the release of Android 12, it has been widely spread [24]’s new Project Mainline module-Android Runtime(ART), also officially debuted with the release of DP1. As an important component that affects the operating efficiency of Android, the “modularity” of ART will further facilitate Google’s performance optimization updates for the Android platform. In fact, we have seen similar practices last year. For example, Xiaomi has already used the app store to push GPU driver updates for its own models.
(Understanding Project Mainline: Translation | About the new changes behind Android Q, we chatted with the Google development team[25])
On the other hand, although thisThe Android 12 DP version did not release new system optimizations for the increasingly mature folding screen/dual-screen devices, but in addition to the early adopters of models after Pixel 3, Google TV, which was released in the same field as Pixel 5, also has a chance to be upgraded. Screen Android 12 DP[26]: Compared with small screens, Google TV’s Android 12 mainly includes The developer’s ADT-3 developer toolkit is convenient for developers to build applications for large-screen Android 12 devices; perhaps, we can still look forward to the ecology of large-screen Android devices.
The screenshot is marked for upgrade, and the long screenshot is not ready yet
The long screenshot feature that has been highly anticipated during the development and testing of Android 11 is still not ready. Although related functions have been integrated into Android 12 DP1, 9to5Google[27]found after opening it by special means There are still many problems with the long screenshot function. For example, it can only capture an extra screen length of content, is only valid for specific applications, cannot handle FAB buttons, and so on.
Long screenshot function entrance, picture: 9to5Google
The regular screenshot function itself has ushered in another big update.
On the one hand, the method of closing the floating window of screenshots for some bugs has been optimized. Android 12 DP1 canceled the close button on the floating window for screenshots, and instead used the gesture of swiping out of the screen to close the floating window, which is intuitive and is also the practice often used by OEMs in custom systems.
On the other hand, the screenshot annotation tool has added massive functions. In addition to the basic marker, eraser, and cropping tools, the newly added highlighter, text, and emoji expressions can also further meet our different needs for screenshot annotation .
A more feature-rich screenshot annotation tool
In addition, Android 12 DP1 also added the “Hide Screen Opening” option for Pixel 5, enhanced Wi-Fi Aware related features, and added a new one to reduce color brightness and help the visually impaired The Reduce Bright Colors function used can be turned on by the quick setting switch.
The above is the update content of Android 12 DP1 worth paying attention to. If you have other findings, please leave a message to share.
Reference link:
[1] Beta test items:https://www.google.com/android/beta
[2] Online refresh tool:https://flash.android.com/preview/dp1
[3] This page:https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/download< /span>
[4] Screenshot:https://sspai.com/post/65012
[5] Deep theme customization:https://9to5google.com/2021/01/27/android- 12-working-on-in-depth-theming-system-that-can-even-recolor-apps/
[6] Repair work:https://developer.android.com/training/gestures/gesturenav?hl =zh-cn
[7] Full screen mode:https://developer.android.com/training/system-ui/immersive ?hl=zh-cn
[8] Video:https://twitter.com/MishaalRahman/status/1362514616727834624 < /p>
[9] Standard notification template:https://developer.android.com/training/notify-user/build-notification
[10] Custom notification template:https://developer.android.com/training/notify-user /custom-notification
[11] Expandable notification template:https://developer.android.com/training/notify-user /expanded
[12] Front desk service notification delay:https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12 /behavior-changes-all#foreground-service-notification-delay
[13] Adaptive notification reminder:https://9to5google.com/2021/02/18/android -12-dp1-notifications-to-gain-automatic-option-for-whether-or-not-to-alert/
[14] Unified API:https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/features /unified-content-api
[15] “Compatible media transcoding):https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/features/compatible-media-transcoding
[16] ImageDecoder:https://developer.android.com/ndk/reference/group/image- decoder
[17] AVIF format image support:https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12 /features#avif_image_support
[18] Apps whose target system version is Android 12 will no longer be able to initiate foreground services when running in the background:https ://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/foreground-services
[19] None of the applications running on Android 12 can obtain the exact MAC address of the device:https:// developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-all#mac-address
[20] Avoid clickjacking:https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/ behavior-changes-all#untrusted-touch-events
[21] Also prohibit apps from closing system dialogs:https://developer.android.com/about/ versions/12/behavior-changes-all#close-system-dialogs
[22] Privacy switch:https://9to5google.com/2021/02/18/android-12 -privacy-toggles/
[23] Interface:https://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/audiofx/ HapticGenerator
[24] Wide spread:https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/ system/sepolicy/+/1465897/20#message-bd9ae7aa989c8ab3feda9bddcc6b1b347e090e7e
[25] Translation | Regarding the new changes behind Android Q, we chatted with the Google development team:https ://sspai.com/post/56167
[26] Android 12 DP:https://developer.android.com/tv/preview
[27] 9to5Google:https://9to5google.com/2021/02/18/android-12- scrolling-screenshot/
This article is from WeChat official account:Minority (ID: sspaime)< span class = "text-remarks">, author: dawn frontline Alan