The key to winning the championship is to focus on the areas that you can control, constantly mobilize resources, surpass your limits, and become faster, higher and stronger.

Editor’s note: This article is from WeChat public account “Harvard Business Review” (ID: hbrchinese), 虞立琪 | 文,李源|Edit.

What is more brutal and fierce than the competition? What makes the champion stand out? Through research, we found that four abilities are crucial to winning the game: the ability to “see” beliefs, the ability to walk with pressure, the ability to learn efficiently, and the ability to give trust.

When you have these four key abilities, you can be a champion anywhere.

Yao Ming, Sebastian Ke and other sports athletes have become the leaders in the new field after retiring. Trump, Zhang Xiaolong and many other political and business leaders are keen on sports. From the ancient Greek era, sports have been an important part of social elite education, and the value of sports activities has been far more than the field of competitive sports.

In the contemporary and complex business environment, business leaders are paying more attention to sports than ever before. The EMBA of the School of Economics and Management of Tsinghua University and the China Europe International Business School have all offered credit courses in the form of outdoor sports. These educational institutions aiming to cultivate business leaders are convinced that the leadership of these students can be improved through such sports.

A class of people clearly possess this kind of leadership traits shaped by movement. They push their abilities to the extreme in sports and become world champions. When they enter the business, politics and other fields, they still become leaders, such as Li Ning. Yao Ming, Kobe, etc.

We want to know: The sport has shaped which of their key competencies to win, and which part of them will continue to win in other areas?

With these questions, we start research. Within the above-mentioned people, we have selected some suitable subjects, including the champions of individual projects and the souls of top sports teams. When judging their performance in other fields, they refer to the partners and their familiar partners. Investor’s opinion .

We conducted a questionnaire survey of all subjects and considered the sampleAfter the average distribution and other conditions, 12 representative representatives were selected for research and interviews, including 7 males and 5 females, aged between 25 and 65 years old. The study found that the research objects in the competitive arena and other areas have shown some common characteristics and laws.

Champion athletes are in a high-risk, highly uncontrollable environment on the arena, so they have an extremely demanding pursuit of the controllable part of their own competitiveness, trying to become “faster, higher and stronger” People.

When they become leaders in other fields, they also face the same speculative environment. They are still actively developing themselves and becoming the leader of “faster, higher and stronger”, leading and influencing the entire team to win.

By studying, we found that there are four abilities that are essential for the researcher to complete the process. They are: the ability to “see” beliefs, the ability to walk with pressure, the ability to recognize oneself, give trust Ability.

Overall, our research objects have the following characteristics: the synergy of the body and the brain makes them more controllable, constantly surpassing their own limits to cope with difficult challenges, they are good at leading themselves and the team is growing, Win in the competition – whether it is the arena or other areas.

We call such people champion champions, and the four abilities they have are champion leadership. (See: “The four key competencies of the champion leader”)

When you have these four key abilities, you can be a champion anywhere.

Building Faith: “Seeing the Heart”

Former Chinese female swimmer Zhuang Yong received an acceptance letter from a US university at the age of 20 and resolutely requested to retire.

The coach asked her to talk: “You still have a gold medal that you didn’t get, the Olympic gold medal”, Zhuang Yong finally chose to stay. She said that what influenced her was a picture of her heart that could not be lingering: the Olympic gold medal was put on the neck and the five-star red flag was raised behind her, and the national anthem was played.

A picture in Zhuang Yong’s heart is the state of “seeing” the target picture. At the 1992 Barcelona Olympics 100m freestyle final, 21-year-old Zhuang Yong won the championship, and Chinese swimmers first entered the Olympic champion podium in history.

Winning, faith is the mostThe key factors are , whether in the competitive arena or in the business world. There is a strong belief that we see from every champion leader. In the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, the Chinese women’s volleyball team defeated the strong enemy to win the championship. The coach Lang Ping and the team “never give up” The belief played a decisive role; Li Ning led Li Ning Sporting Goods Company to experience a trough and re-emerged. He said that his belief in “making China’s own sportswear brand” is his greatest motivation.

We found that champion leaders did not rely on simple self-defense or trade-offs to build their beliefs, but instead took a path: turning the goal into a visual image of the mind, constantly improving and enriching it, let It is full and clear as true, and is rooted in the heart.

“See” view

We found that the research object is good at imagining the situation when the goal is achieved. Former British women’s 400m hurdle Sally Gunnell is imagining herself in the mind to win the championship, so she was very familiar with the scene when she first crossed the finish line in 1993 at the World Championships. So I am confused: “Is this my imagination or what happened?”

When some top athletes build their own pictures, like the dream construction in the movie “The Pirates of the Dream”, the picture is full and real, including his own muscle memory, emotional experience and other details.

Before the arrival of the Barcelona Olympics in 1992, Zhuang Yong simulated the whole process of winning the championship in the brain every day: jumping off the lane, looking up and breathing… “sprinting” when raising the arm into the water, the heart rate tester recorded The results show how realistic her imagination has reached: her heart rate is as fast as she is at the time of the game.

We found that a few outstanding entrepreneurs also had similar experiences. One of them made an impressive description: “I am doing a ‘simulation experiment’ on the product in the brain until the details, shape and other details of the product are It’s clearly in the mind, and it’s colored.” He is the founder of the Kyocera Group, one of the top 500 companies in the world, Inamori Kazuo, who believes that the “seeing results” state can help to complete groundbreaking or extremely difficult cause.

clear delivery

When a champion leader sets a team goal, he often leads the team members to build an imaged goal, making them easier to understand and agree with, so as to promote team synergy.

A typical example is Sebastian Newbold Coe’s application of the target picture. The former British middle and long-distance runner who won two Olympic gold medals retired as the London Olympic Organizing Committee in 2012. ChairmanThe experience of the athletes period made him understand that if the team members could not see the target picture, any technical improvement would not help, so the first job after he took office was to ask his colleagues a question: “Why do we do this?” “Guided to describe their ideal scene of the 2012 London Olympics until they built a complete and clear picture, and then began the specific work.

Psychology believes that when a person “sees” a thing in his heart, it is easier to truly identify with it, and then the inner “creative mechanism” will automatically assume the task, which is far better than conscious effort or Willpower.

Compressive capacity: walking with pressure

A ball will be buckled at the front of the road, and you will have to hang it on your head. What will you do?

The natural reaction is to close your eyes or reluctantly fight back. But a well-trained athlete will open his eyes and concentrate on the ball, looking for a moment to counterattack, and then hit the ball back.

We liken the pressure to the “ball”, and the champion’s resistance to pressure begins with “pointing at the oncoming ball.”

Being convinced, putting it into action to achieve it, will then enter a new and unknown journey, the first to come may be all kinds of pressures and difficulties.

When we see the research data, we can almost recognize the outstanding ability of the champion at a glance: the ability to withstand pressure – after all, they are under too much pressure.

The champions we interviewed will be discouraged and lose courage when they encounter pain and strong opponents. For 8 years, the freestyle rock climber Alex Hornard stood under the Emirates Rock and looked at this huge smooth The marble wall is a fear of heart.”

But, in the end, they still stood on the winner’s position because they mastered the ability to withstand stress through training.

Put the ball

We have found that ways to avoid stress and cope with stress are not enough to withstand the pressures that occur frequently. Champion leaders have their own way of doing things. When they face stress, they follow the rules of movement. As mentioned above, they “point on the oncoming ball”, and they also open up an efficient way to deal with stress: the mentality of walking with pressure and habit.

Champion leaders will be more early and more proactive to face pressure directly. In our research, the subjects who performed well on the “construction beliefs” scored more than the average on “resistance to stress”.

This is because people who are eager to achieve their goals accept the fact that they can’t reach their goals without facing pressure. For the fierce ball, if you don’t stare at it, you can’t catch it.

Pressure can bring emotions such as fear, and mood swings can easily lead to movement distortion. Leaders who are good at resisting pressure just “stare” at the ball,Without giving it too much emotional color and imagination.

Peer with pressure

People who have requirements for themselves understand that they should look at stress as an opportunity to learn from it. Champion leaders are especially accustomed to repeatedly entering the same pressure to train themselves to cope with this pressure.

As the ability to withstand stress increases, the champion’s flexible and calm mindset will become a habit when faced with stress. So, maybe it seems that they are always under pressure and challenge, but for them, it is just “walking” with pressure.

The benefits of “going with pressure” are enormous. Brain science and psychological research have found that the arrival of stress triggers the body’s alarm system: the amygdala, which then turns on the “battle” or “escape” mode.

When a person uses the combat mode to meet the challenge and succeed, the connection between the neurons in his brain-related areas will become stronger, and the psychological mechanism of the corresponding stress response will be more effective. Thereby forming a stronger pressure resistance.

Efficient learning: Know yourself

Former women’s walker Wang Liping will usually watch his game video after the game: “I went back to that moment, found the shortcomings, found the advantage, and recalled why my mental state at that time would do so. This is a methodology for learning. The champions not only pay the most physical strength, but also must actively participate in the brain to make training more efficient.

Having a clear goal and being able to withstand stress in the process of achieving it, this makes people move forward, but the ultimate level of achievement is the level of skills they learn.

A champion who is good at learning can understand himself and form his own unique style, and then be better at guiding the competition to the direction that is beneficial to him than others.

Discovery Features

Top athletes are good at discovering their own characteristics from a large number of interference factors and seeing their true state and ability.

Wang Liping, who won the women’s 20km gold medal in the 2000 Sydney Olympics, introduced how a champion observes himself: you stumbled on the track, this is accidental carelessness, but after playing the video slow motion, you will find Before the accident happened, the calf was already shaking – admit it, this is a question of strength or posture.

After long-term training, knowing yourself as a champion leader is a near-instinctive act that runs through your work and life. “I know myself because I do it every day.” Zhuang Yong used this kind of thinking to support himself to win the championship.After retiring into a new field of entrepreneurship, she is still doing this, recording her own behavior and summing up after work every day. In the past ten years, with the thick stack of notebooks, the Shanghai Tulip Advertising Media Co., Ltd. she led has also grown from zero to become the nation’s leading outdoor LED advertising operator.

We have seen that champion leaders understand themselves in terms of skill level, mood, personal needs, and intrinsic motivation.

Acceptance and Innovation

Champion leaders can accept the information more objectively, which is different from most people with more or less criticism or praise.

The practice of Michael Johnson reflects this difference. The former American sprinter has encountered the same distress as many ordinary people in his career: knowing that a training is very important, but not Investing, for him this project is strength training.

This is usually considered “lazy”, but if you stand on your own, if you refuse to accept the characteristics of your own existence, it is easy to stick these self-traits that make you feel unfamiliar and uncontrollable. Negative labels such as “lazy” are used as enemies to “win”, and vice versa to find ways to get along with them.

Michael Johnson is the latter. He quickly realized that “it is something that I will not change.” So he adjusted the training time and coach, completed the strength training, and found the right one for him. A set of training programs.

We judge whether a champion leader has an effective learning ability and a very important criterion: whether there is the ability to develop and innovate.

Champion leaders can identify their own characteristics and needs. When there is no ready-made knowledge and skills to satisfy, they will create them based on their own needs.

The set of actions of Chen Yibing in the final of the 2008 Olympic Games was “all innovations”, which is why he finally won the gold medal. When he started his career in sports education, he also preferred to invest in the development of his own copyright and patented products, because in his view, this has the ability to “continue to upgrade and take advantage of the competition.”

Teamwork ability: Passing to teammates – trusting others

Kobe Bryant didn’t often pass the ball to his teammates in the first half of his career—after all, he was the shooting king. How can you believe that it is not as good as your teammates? The lone ranger style made him lose his championship in 2008.

After he strictly demanded that he could no longer monopolize the possession of the game, the pass and off-ball assist rate increased significantly.The Lakers won two Finals titles under his leadership. Kobe has also become a true leader: he has the ability to trust others.

Teamwork ability is another important ability of the champion leader. Excellent teamwork in the arena can reach the state of “11 players playing like a person”. This is not only achieved by means of command or team culture, but by the ability to trust others. An intuitive action on the court can demonstrate this ability: passing to others, in other areas it means empowering.

Champion leaders are willing to deliver trust to team members, give them opportunities and decision-making power, and help them complete their tasks.

Give trust

What is trust? For athletes, it is easy to confirm: “Look at the ball is not being transmitted.” Zhang Qing said, “saying a hundred times ‘I believe you’ is not as good as passing a ball to him. Hand over the ball, you You can no longer control this ball. The next step is to rely on the other party.” “Ball” means decision-making power, and trusting others means giving decision-making power.

“When you trust (others), you will not hesitate, the movements will be smoother, and the response will often be 0.1 seconds faster, and this may be the key to the goal.” Zhang Qing said. At the same time, a firm attitude of trust can mobilize each other’s fighting spirit.

Continuous Assist

Champion leaders don’t just deliver trust, they also help them achieve their goals.

Take a football team or a basketball team as an example. Those great captains are often the ones with the most assists in the team. They attract the attention of the other team and create opportunities for their own players.

Our survey shows that when these assisted leaders enter other fields, they tend to create good conditions for team members, as long as they are needed for teammates to complete the task: funds, learning opportunities, etc., they all strive to provide support.

The champion leader’s trust in teammates is fundamentally trusting himself: trusting his own judgments and believing in his ability to deal with the “cost of trust”.

The above we have detailed the four abilities of champion leadership: focus on the goal of imaging to build beliefs; cultivate the habit of resisting pressure to resist stress; recognize their own characteristics to achieve efficient learning; give trust to let team members fully play . These four capabilities are a system that works together and promotes each other to maximize the achievement of the goals.

It is worth emphasizing that the champion leaders look at these four abilities as “inward” and mobilize the potential of themselves and their team members.

In the case of efficient learning, we see that champion leaders will make great efforts to study external factors such as the environment, opponents and the laws of sports.However, they will always focus on the most controllable side and know their own traits – what is more controllable than their inner ability? As we mentioned at the beginning of this article: The key to winning the championship is to focus on the areas that you can control, constantly mobilizing resources, surpassing your own limits, and becoming faster, higher, and stronger.

虞立琪 is a senior business reporter and financial writer.

This article is abridged. The original text is in the Chinese edition of Harvard Business Review, August 2019.