With Tesla’s first Model S electric car with OTA (Over The Air) in 2012, new features can be continuously released to users through OTA software, and cars are no longer a product that loses vitality after delivery. The car architecture has entered the era of software-defined cars.
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In 1981, the world’s first car navigation system was integrated into the Honda car. Over the past 30 years, with the rapid development of chip, communication and Internet technologies, car software has undergone tremendous changes.
As more and more sensors, cameras, autopilots and other new technologies are integrated into the car, the vehicle generates a lot of data every moment. Based on the CAN bus architecture, a car can generate about 1GB of vehicle signal data per hour. With the development of infotainment systems, the amount of data generated per hour of a car will increase as the number of voice and video data in the car increases. Up to 20GB. The car Ethernet architecture technology that supports larger transmission bandwidth has been introduced into the car. Today’s smart car has become a data center mounted on four wheels.
The Internet of Vehicles seamlessly integrates vehicle and environmental perimeter systems to connect vehicle users to the digital world. In 1996, GM released its first car networking function, E-Call, through its OnStar product – automatically assisting users to dial the call center and transmit vehicle location information to call center agents when a vehicle collision or other emergency occurs. systemIn order to implement rescue in time for users.
Due to the early expensive technology costs, for a long time, the car networking function was sold as an optional value-added feature in some high-end vehicles, and the user volume was slow to develop. In recent years, with the development of electric vehicle technology and the implementation of relevant national safety regulations, the vehicle networking function has gradually become the standard function of electric vehicles. With Tesla’s first Model S electric car with OTA (Over The Air) in 2012, new features can be continuously released to users through OTA software, and cars are no longer a product that loses vitality after delivery. The car architecture has entered the era of software-defined cars.
When we talked about car networking technology today, we found that everyone was in a very good time. In the past, the rapid development of the Internet and mobile Internet, large-scale software system technology has a high degree of maturity, more and more technologies that have been extensively verified in the Internet industry have been introduced into the Internet of Vehicles to empower smart cars. The author recently tried to sort out the software technology brain map involved in the end-to-end of the car network, from the service, cloud, vehicle electronic architecture, communication technology, vehicle software platform and automatic driving, when we talk about the Internet of Vehicles technology Something that might come to mind.
Car Networking Services
Car networking services include traffic safety, traffic efficiency, economic efficiency, interaction and convenience, infotainment services, mobile digital life and many other services. The scene of the car association is gradually becoming a reality. In the near future, the scene of your car will be on the train, the assistant on the car has synchronized the trip information from your mobile device calendar, pre-set the car environment and automatic driving route. The information sent by nearby vehicles and roadside equipment will be displayed on the head-up display in real time. The assistant will broadcast the news you are interested in. The whole process of using the car is like enjoying your own private living space at home. .
Car Network Cloud
The technology stack of the Internet of Vehicles service in the cloud is not much different from the technical architecture of other Internet services. The microservice architecture decouples the complexity of different services and is suitable for scenarios of car networking services. Different from the data generated by users in the mobile Internet application, the data in the car network is generated by the vehicle every moment. This feature puts higher requirements on the cloud to support high concurrent connections and high throughput, such as connection. With a platform of 1 million vehicles, assuming that each vehicle reports data to the cloud at 5 second intervals, it means that the cloud needs to process 200,000 data write requests per second.
Complete vehicle electronic architecture, communication technology and software platform
In the era of software-defined cars, all the functions that the vehicle has are determined by the software on the car and can be grown through OTA and App Store installations. The implementation of software-defined cars puts higher demands on the electronic architecture of the vehicle. The vehicle electronic architecture is no longer a traditional “functional machine” design for a specific ECU to perform a specific function, but rather a “smart machine” design for general-purpose computing: it is necessary to abstract several computing computers for the vehicle platform and make sensors, Input and output devices such as actuators can be accessed by the computing computer. Computational computers, as the basis for the operation of automotive software, need to be highly available and scalable.
Advanced Auxiliary Driving and Autopilot
At present, some L2’s advanced assisted driving functions are being applied in more and more commercial vehicles, while the L4’s automatic driving is applied in certain scenarios in closed areas (such as docks and parks). The wide application of L4 and L5 automatic driving on commercial vehicles, in addition to technical improvements, faces other challenges that require time to resolve: cost, coexistence with non-autonomous vehicles, legal liability definition, Unemployment issues, etc.
The above are some of the first-time views of the author in the field of learning in the field of Internet of Vehicles. Interested students are welcome to communicate.
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