On December 4, at the Young Entrepreneurs Summit of the China Development Forum with the theme of “Innovative Breakthroughs in Great Changes”, Bai Chongen, Dean of the School of Economics and Management of Tsinghua University, proposed that the introduction of the concept of “zero distribution” can better Analyze the manifestation of the balance between fairness and efficiency in different distribution links.
The so-called “zero-time distribution” refers to the distribution of various elements among different groups before entering production.
In Bai Chongen’s view, in terms of zero allocation, it is particularly important to emphasize equality of opportunity, because equality of opportunity contributes to equality and efficiency. This is reflected not only in human capital, but also in physical capital.
In terms of human capital, Bai Chongen said that before entering the market, there are differences in education and status, and different groups of people have differences in human capital. The focus of “zero distribution” is to achieve equality of identity and more equal public services.
“(Need to consider) Different groups must have equal opportunities to obtain public services such as education, and eliminate the gap caused by identities. These problems are different from some current systems. The mechanism is related. Especially under the current household registration system, it is difficult for different groups to achieve equalization of public services.” Bai Chongen said.
In terms of material capital, Bai Chongen said that the “zero distribution” focuses on how to balance the opportunities for groups to obtain funds in the market.
Bai Chongen cited for example that land is one of the most important production factors owned by farmers. However, in the process of distribution, we should not only pay attention to the actual situation of farmers’ ownership of homesteads, rural collective land and land contract rights, but also pay attention to the corresponding scope of property rights transactions that still have relatively large limitations. How to use property rights, how to distribute and dispose of income, these problems can be solved in the “zero distribution” link.
How does “zero allocation” affect? Bai Chongen said that this requires regulations on the use of each element. Among them, there are two new elements that deserve special attention.
One is a data element. When the public can better participate in the distribution of the contribution of data elements, it will help promote the realization of common prosperity.
The other is ecological elements. In the process of pursuing the “dual carbon” goal, a key method is to trade carbon emission rights. If carbon emission rights are regarded as an ecological element, currently, this element is allocated to power generationCompanies, in the future, may consider allocating this element to residents to encourage them to reduce energy use, and use the excess carbon emission rights for trading to increase their income levels, and then play a positive role in promoting common prosperity.