From WeChat public account:Chinese Youth Research (ID: china-youth-study) , author: Feng Fang (Wuhan University doctoral Marxist ideological and political education College, Three Gorges University Sports Institute of Party Deputy Secretary, Associate Professor), the original title “Keyboard Man” phenomenon perspective and guidance – based on the analysis of 20 college students interviews < /span>,This article was published in China Youth Studies, No. 10, 2019. Cover: Visual China

Abstract: There are some “keyboard heroes” in college students’ colleges. They sometimes “walk the heroes” in the virtual space, and sometimes “cold-looking” in the real world. There is a strong personality contrast under the online network, strengthening and optimizing The educational guidance of this group is of great significance to the goal of cultivating colleges and universities to take on the role of the new era of national rejuvenation.

After interviewing 20 college students, this paper finds that the self-portrait of college students’ “keyboard man” is a sense of justice, experience, and satisfaction; the image of others is infective, limited, and hypocritical. The two converge on the factual judgment and differ in value judgment.

The author perceives its causes, sums up the reasons for lack of position, perceptual drive, double standards of words and deeds, moral misconduct, identity pursuit, etc., and then puts forward the “microphone” with prominent subject and independent thinking and free expression; rational infiltration, delineation The “concentric circle” of rationality and emotional stimulation; the words and deeds, open the network to express the “convergence point” of reality; Chongde is good, forging the “double-edged sword” of Zhengdezheng award and disciplinary punishment; value clarification, positiveThe guiding strategy of “the height difference” between virtual existence and social identity.

First, the situation of college students “keyboard man”

Contemporary college students are young people who have grown up along with the development of China’s Internet information technology. They are the “indigenous peoples” of the Chinese Internet. They are born in the Internet environment. The Internet has become a life and growth of college students. An important field that is indispensable.

Especially in recent years, with the coverage of wireless network signals and the decline of mobile phone traffic charges, the mobile phone online of college students has changed from the past “time-sharing” to “all-weather”. Look at the news, check Baidu, chat WeChat, brush microblogging, powder space” to “go to Taobao, ask know, open live broadcast, watch hot search, 煲 Korean drama, play vibrato”, the network function segmentation meets college students learning The potential needs of all aspects of life and entertainment have also made the post-95 college students unknowingly bound by the Internet.

“Keyboard Man” (keyboard man)) This online hot word first appeared in 2014 and refers to the existence of social reality. a special group of people. They are timid in real life, but they like to occupy the high morality of online ethics and comment on social events or individuals, show their sense of personal justice, and look for individual existence. The “keyboard man” who spurred the words on the computer face typing on the computer screen on the keyboard or on the mobile phone on weekdays, commenting on the major online news events, talking and laughing, no scruples; in real life, they avoid group socialization, and they are embarrassed. Turning into a silent “passer-by”. There is a strong personality contrast between the “keyboard man” on the Internet and the “silent person” in reality.

Contemporary college students are full of vigor, eagerness, justice, fearlessness, and simple kindness. Most of them have high political quality and civilization.The literacy and moral level, the recognition of socialist core values, the pursuit of social justice and civil liberties, is a lovely, credible and promising young generation [1].

However, there are still a small number of “keyboard man” among college students. They lurk in cyberspace, use the name of the net name, sway the moral swords across the computer screen, play the rivers and lakes, and express their opinions in the cyberspace with the weapon of words. , commenting on politics, attacking others, and often do not take any responsibility for their own statements.

The contrast with “high-key in the dark” is their “low-key in the light.” In reality, the “keyboard man” of college students often shows that the interpersonal relationship is discrete, the self-evaluation is too low, and the will behavior is ambiguous, that is, the typical “words of bravery, body squatting.” Scientific analysis and effective guidance of the phenomenon of “keyboard man” of college students is related to the sound personality of young college students, the fundamental task of Li Deshu people in colleges and universities, and the training of qualified builders and reliable successors of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is an important subject for ideological and political education workers in colleges to think rationally and respond cautiously.

Second, the image of the “keyboard man” of college students

For the “keyboard man” phenomenon of college students, the author sampled and interviewed 20 college students, and the interview group (4 interviewers) one by one Conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interviews involved the behavioral characteristics, frequency of appearance, position, emotional orientation, group atmosphere, network personality and real personality, evaluation scale, moral standards, social influence, etc. of college students’ “keyboard man”, and their influence on self-network behavior. Reflection and so on.

Based on the summary of all the interview texts according to the content of the questions, on the basis of fully respecting the subjective consciousness of college students, the author tries to recognize and restore the college students from the two dimensions of the subjective perspective of the college students and the observers. TableLike the picture, it depicts and ethics the characteristics of the “keyboard man” of college students.

1. Self-portrait of college students “Keyboard Man”

(1) A sense of justice divided into two

In the interview, the majority of respondents believe that it is based on the “sense of justice” of young people. This kind of “sense of justice” is like fighting for the country. The mission and inspiration can bring strong self-identity and social identity to college students.

For the sense of justice of “keyboard man”, college students generally hold a split view. They think that part of it is “the real thing when the road is not flat, the shot is taken when the shot is made”, and the other part is “false.” The name of justice is self-painting. They are willing to believe that the original intention of “keyboard man” behavior is based on the initial intention of guarding justice, but the difference between “speaking out” and “intangible”.

(2) A feeling of excitement

When asked about “the emotional experience of college students playing the ‘keyboard man'”, most of the classmates said that it was a pleasure of emotional catharsis, and a word is summed up as “cool”. All the college students interviewed have a very strong sense of self-discipline. On the one hand, they believe that everyone has the right to make speeches, respecting the right of others to speak in real life or in the space of the network. My own freedom of speech, it seems that the so-called freedom of speech is “I want to say, I want to say, I will say 啥, I want to say when I say it.”

Because of the recognition of the freedom of speech of others, the college students have more to understand and tolerate the various voices and opinions on the Internet. Even if they do not fully agree, they will not openly criticize. College students are young and energetic, active in thinking, and have a strong desire for self-expression. In the real field, the way and effect of self-expression is limited by the environment and conditions. In many cases, they cannot express their opinions and cannot express their inner feelings. The emotional congestion can cause psychological imbalances and there is no need to release them.

The network just provides a free speech space, typing the keyboard text across the computer screen, they can experience the freedom of free expression. Every year, in the Baidu Post Bars of major universities, military training is almost always squandered by the university freshmen. The students either show their skin color before and after their military training, or post the Yang Beyond God to pray for rain, or It is dissatisfied with the intensive training standards of the instructors. In short, it is through various expressions to express the feelings.Balance, balance mind and body.

(3) Blockbuster satisfaction

“There is a singularity of humanity, and the words are not surprisingly endless.” It was the patriotic poet Du Fu who was exiled to Chengdu Caotang after the Anshi Rebellion, and he felt the rigorous writing attitude of his poetry. “Speaking surprisingly” has gradually become the pursuit of college students “keyboard man.” Through interviews, many college students “keyboard man” in the network voice is to brush the “presence” for the purpose, or eye-catching, or hype, or circle powder, they only pay attention to heat, do not pay attention to right or wrong.

Only because the words in the network are concerned, you make me convinced that I have existed, and I have the satisfaction of being followed by the eyes and even following the words. In the interview, some college students admitted that they have also played the role of “keyboard man”. This virtual space recognition allows them to experience unprecedented value satisfaction, and sometimes even feel the achievements and meanings. In order to win the eye, the “keyboard man” of college students often goes against the other way, and goes further and further on the road of seeking newness, seeking differences, seeking speciality, and seeking odds.

Some college students admitted that in order to let more people “see” or “remember” on the Internet, they occasionally use uncivilized online language. At first, they may feel a little inappropriate, but when they are on the Internet. The posts and messages are also brought to the “rhythm” by uncivilized terms, they will no longer feel that they are very different, slowly begin to numb, think that everyone said so, although it is swearing to say two occasions.

2. The image of the other person of the “keyboard man” of college students

(1) Infectiveness of a single call

University “Keyboard Man” is a highly contagious emotional state in the eyes of college educators.

When college students meet the “Pull Man” on the Internet to express anger on a certain network event, or because they are slammed by “Keyboard Man” when they publish their normal opinions on the Internet, the distance between college students becomes “keyboard man”. Only one step away, even if you just criticize each other or clarify yourself by means of the Internet, it is difficult to ensure that you will not be overwhelmed by anger, and become “he” unconsciously in the process of countering “keyboard man”.

So, the “keyboard man” in cyberspace is like a swamp of ever-expanding swamps, or a cold virus that is highly contagious. When a college student’s individual consciousness is filled with similar experiences or invisible emotions, emotions overcome reason. It’s easy to get out of the way, and it’s easy to get into the swamp and get out of it.Strong> In an anonymous, almost absolutely free Internet, even if it is close at hand, it is confusing, male and female, and it is difficult to know who is on the other end of the computer screen.

From the results of interviews with college students, “Keyboard Man” is aimed at a network hotspot event. Some people who are timid in reality think they occupy the moral high ground, then secretly comment, and most of the comments are negative, for the society. Negative energy.

In real life, moral norms and legal provisions require words and deeds. In the anonymous and virtual Internet world, “keyboard man” is like “birds entering the forest, fish returning to the sea”, ignoring moral laws in the network. In the world, “pointing to the mountains, stimulating words”, speaking unscrupulously, only seeking happiness, the Internet has lost the limits of speech while guaranteeing freedom of speech, providing a breeding ground for rumors, forming the possibility of harming others anytime, anywhere, and freely. .

In the Internet environment, there is a blind spot of legal supervision and moral restraint. “Keyboard Man” has almost no responsibility for speech. His willful words and deeds will spread within the network circle like the “Domino effect”. Disperse between the layers. Some of the “keyboard man” use the Internet to confuse the audience, use the title to play, and deliberately undermine the long-term stability and social harmony and stability of the country, seriously polluting the clear cyberspace and causing harm to national security.

5. Identity Pursuit: Exotic Compensation for Value Pursuit

In the compilation of the results of this consultation interview, we found that the “keyboard man” generally recognized by college students has the following characteristics in reality:

  • Lonely introverted, not social, no friends can talk;

  • There is no scruples on the Internet, and the Internet is silent;

  • The cyberspace is a personal heroism possession, chattering, and temperamental leadership;

  • The inferiority of life in the field is anxious, insane, and onlookers.

Through these characteristics, it is not difficult to find that the “keyboard man” who talks on the Internet and speaks in the right way is not good at real life.There are some “lonely patients” who are inferior and unattractive. In the consultation interview, we found that the topic initiators who are active in the class are rarely involved in class activities in reality, even if they participate in it, they are often ignorant and inconsistent with the activity in the group.

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs divides human needs into five categories: physical needs, security needs, love and belonging, respect and self-realization. Love and belonging and self-fulfilling needs are unique to humans as advanced animals. It is also the most essential embodiment of human sociality. As a bystander of society, every college student is eager to be respected and understood, recognized by others, and realize self-worth. However, in real life, they can not get similar satisfaction, they will devote themselves to the cyberspace to find “existence” and “gain”. The network seeks spiritual comfort and explores the value of identity, thus compensating for the missing parts of the actual interaction.

No matter how beautiful the “Keyboard Man” on the Internet is, how beautiful the “Net Red” sister is, and how “righteousness” is “righteous and fearless” will become a bubble in reality, and will be won in the virtual world. How high is it, how bad it is in reality.

The eagerness of college students to be concerned and recognized is incomprehensible, but in order to pay attention to ignoring morality and the legal bottom line, blaming others for their words and deeds, derogating others to try to elevate themselves, and finally distorting the world view that college students should have in the new era. View of a person’s life, values. As everyone knows, the scenery on the clouds is just a flash in the pan, and the virtues on the soil are timeless.

Fourth, the guiding strategy of the “keyboard man” phenomenon of college students

1. Body highlighting: “microphone” with independent thinking and free expression

The most important thing for college students to stay away from the “keyboard man” phenomenon is to think freely and not to believe in it. Free expression is not blind. It is necessary to guide college students to learn to think independently, strengthen the ability to recognize right and wrong, good and evil, true and false, and beauty and ugliness.Under the core values ​​of socialism, the noble network morality forms a relatively systematic and complete social moral judgment standard. It keeps a clear awareness in the face of complicated network views, calmly judges, adheres to the truth and is not controlled by others, and is not conscience. [2].

It is necessary to pay attention to the construction of campus network culture, strengthen the monitoring of network public opinion in colleges and universities, and publish authoritative news through the official website for emergencies, effectively block the spread channels of online rumors, set up network complaint mailboxes, and smooth the channels for complaints of college students’ rights protection to ensure The principles of fairness, process fairness, and publicity of the various awards and scholarship assessments are [3].

Marx once said that “the foundation of morality is the self-discipline of the human spirit”, and guiding the “keyboard man” behavior of college students focuses on strengthening the moral self-discipline of college students and learning self-denial. Shen Shen alone is the self-cultivation of the Chinese nation for five thousand years of study, and it is also a compulsory course for contemporary college students’ ideological and moral construction. His body is right, he does not do it; his body is not right, although he does not.

College students must overcome the herd mentality, face up to the “silence of silence”, dare to question and speak, not to be influenced by the trend of network public opinion. Proactively exercise the power of network public opinion supervision, and report timely false news, false statements, malicious attacks, deliberate speculation, and behaviors that endanger the public, and contribute to the clear cyberspace.

2. Rational Infiltration: Delineating the “concentric circles” of rational and emotional stimulation

College students usually have a high knowledge structure and legal literacy. Only when faced with a specific situation, emotions overcome rationality, impulses play the devil, and use words to harm others or harm society.

University through lectures, essays, debates, comics, micro-videos and other forms of education, strengthen the network legal concept of college students, advocate network civilization behavior, build the “bottom line” and “red line” of college students’ online speech, let college students Recognizing that freedom of speech does not mean “when you want to say something, you can say it”, “how do you want to say it”, but you must overcome impulsiveness and blind obedience based on the dual constraints of national law and social morality. In the face of the “Diaoyu Island Incident”, “China-US Trade War”, “China-ROK Relations” and other events, use the rationality to lead the brain, not to be a sensible slave, to be a rational master.

“The optimistic person sees the world, the world is beautiful; the pessimistic person sees the world, the world is suffering.” A person’s mentality will directly determine the tone of the perspective of the world, and will determine the network’s release of discourse. Emotional state. It is necessary to attract more attention, more scent, and more positive social energy, such as “seeking”Look for the touch of the side, the keynote speech, the grateful parent’s heart, the warm bedroom selection, the positive energy poster design competition, etc., to encourage college students to start from their own, starting from scratch.

Play the role of “Peer Education” and “Model Leading”, and vigorously promote the exemplary deeds of “Study of God”, “Star of Self-improvement”, “Model of Entrepreneurship”, “Love Angel”, “Sportsman” and “KeChuang Pioneer”. Inspire the “mindfulness” and “goodwill” of college students, and take the initiative to become the mainstay of the youth’s main theme and spread the positive energy of the society.

3. Words are on the line: get through the network to express the “meeting point” of reality.

College students “keyboard man” are usually willing to criticize the misconduct of others or a group in an event. When the same thing happens to them, they do not show their behavioral gestures. They usually attribute the success of others to luck rather than hard work, to their mediocrity to bad luck rather than laziness, and never think about the positive correlation between success and effort. Being harsh on others and being tolerant of oneself; others making mistakes are an excuse for “not working hard”. If you make a mistake, you have the reason of “have to”.

To guide college students to learn to empathize, to stand on the standpoint of others, to understand that others are not easy to control their “moral criticism.” Examine people, know others and achieve their own goals, do not want to apply to people [4]. College students should be patient and listen to others’ explanations when they are considerate of others. Don’t make it clear that they will open their mouths and criticize them. They should always reflect on whether they have attribution errors when they think about problems.

When college students meet unfairly on the Internet, they have the right to blame the wrong party, but they should take control of the specific rights. Some students in the interview said that before they saw someone on the Internet, “map guns” criticized their hometown, and the message stopped geographical discrimination. This kind of response is not at fault, but when criticizing other people’s networks for their words and deeds, they should always be alert to not making the same mistakes.

“Is the netizen not going out, or the passers-by does not go online?” After the death of the female employer in the Didi Express, the critique of the criminal driver can be seen everywhere on the Internet. Almost all netizens are making a shout of justice. However, in the “Guangdong bus squatting incident” after a short time, no one on the entire bus gave a helping hand to the victim.

Knowledge and behavior, knowing and not doing, knowing is also knowing, not knowing, what is the use of it? In the daily education, college ideological and political workers should actively plan and supervise and guide the students to practice the unity of knowledge and action. Words and deeds are consistent.

4. Chongde Xiangshan: Forging the Zhengde German Award and the “double-edged sword” of disciplinary punishment

The network anonymity provides the soil for the breeding and growth of “keyboard man”. To effectively curb the harm caused by cyber violence, “keyboard man” may be necessary to find the point of force, precise force, and strengthen guidance. Treating both the symptoms and the root causes, the network space is clear and pure, so that the network can better serve the growth of college students.

(1) Implement network real name and strengthen discourse responsibility

The reason why “Keyboard Man” can speak unscrupulously on the Internet is because of the anonymity of the network. It is imperative to implement the real-name system of the network. South Korea has taken the lead in implementing the real-name system of the Internet. China has also introduced the “Measures for the Management of Internet Information Services” (State Council Order No. 292) “Non-operating Internet Information Service Filing Management Measures” (Ministry of Information Industry Order No. 33) and other laws and regulations to promote the real-name system of the network . The implementation of the real-name system of the network has a constraint on the network of words and deeds, which is of great significance for the elimination of the network environment.

(2) Improve reward and punishment mechanisms and increase illegal costs

The imperfections of the network reward and punishment mechanism have also contributed to the unhealthy trend of “keyboard man”. The true voice of justice on the Internet is regarded as a pretending gesture, while the “prongboard man” of false hypocrisy and sensationalism is sought after by everyone. . As Noel-Neumann’s “silent spiral theory” puts it, if a person feels that his opinion is a minority, he tends to be less inclined to express it because he is afraid of being retaliated or isolated by the majority. .

In the long run, the “silent effect of silence” has made fewer and fewer groups willing to speak for justice, and the truth is more and more inclined to silence. Based on the analysis of the openness and silence of the current network environment, the guidance of the “keyboard man” phenomenon of college students is not necessary to establish a reward and punishment mechanism for public online speech, especially for acts that ignore the national Internet laws and regulations, and increase punishment. Raise the illegal cost, once found, never condone and appease.

At the same time, it gives a certain degree of recognition and encouragement to those who report false statements, and resolutely guarantees that every citizen’s legitimate rights and interests in the Internet world are not infringed [5].

5. Value Clarification: Face up to the “height difference” between virtual existence and social identity

“Keyboard Man” has a sense of madness on the Internet, and does not recognize the fundamental difference between reality and network identity. He mistakenly believes that with the influence of the network, he can overcome the struggle of reality, the hard work, the baptism of the years. Turn red.”

The majority of the people who are recognized in the reality are the model of the times for the people to take responsibility for the people and have made outstanding contributions in a certain field. They actively spread positive energy, practice their mission in ordinary posts, and ultimately achieve extraordinary performance; The groups that are recognized on the Internet are the “traffic masters” who have been affixed to the forums for many years. They are attracted by Ray’s words, sharp words, and bottomless hype. The evaluation criteria are the number of virtual fans and the number of messages; It can be seen that the height difference between “social identity” and “virtual identity” is by no means a little bit, and the two are far apart, and it is completely incomparable to [6].

For college students “keyboard man” to seek cognitive identity in the virtual space of the network, madly brush the “presence of existence” phenomenon, college counselors should guide college students to find the target position in reality, clarify individual value, obtain social identity, do not have to Network popularity is used as a reference for the evaluation of individual values. College teachers should guide college students to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life, values, and take “patriotism, inspiration, truth-seeking, and commitment” as the goal of life pursuit, to make a commitment, to actively strive to guide college students to see the “network presence” as early as possible. The false essence of “returning to the reality of university life, in the pursuit of lofty ideals, the realization of the organic integration of personal values ​​and social values.

Network identity is like a castle in the air in the fog. The social value of reality is the meaning of life that young college students should pursue in the new era. The personal ideals are closely integrated with the future of the country and the nation. Through individual efforts to achieve individual value, how much will be contributed to society as a fundamental criterion for measuring self-worth.

Strengthen the psychological dynamics of college students, especially those who are unsociable or have a psychological crisis in their lives, use their convictions to be sure of their value, use their care to melt their alert, guide them in the direction, and guide them off the network. Go into the classroom, walk to the playground, walk into the activity, and slowly return to college life.

We believe that with the effective promotion of colleges and universities and the social education, the former college students “keyboard man” will feel respect in reality, find themselves, experience achievements, pursue ideals, and look forward to the future. One day, their empty hearts will gradually be filled with “love” and “examples”. Their once confused future will gradually be filled with “ideal” and “struggle”, so that they will not