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When you fell asleep, you were really washed.

This time, Boston University scientists took the cleaning process in an unprecedented way:

Red is blood and blue is cerebrospinal fluid. What’s amazing is that it has never been discovered before, and blood will periodically flow out of the brain. Whenever there is a large amount of blood flowing out, the cerebrospinal fluid will take the opportunity to launch a wave of attacks.

Cerebrospinal fluid removes toxins, such as beta amyloid, which causes Alzheimer’s disease.

This kind of cleaning can only be done after falling asleep, people wake up and have a refreshing brain; when not sleeping, the cerebrospinal fluid does not have ample opportunity to sneak into it.

In addition, the researchers also discovered the relationship between EEG activity and the cleaning process, which means that brain waves direct liquid movement.

This result has just been on Science.

The author is excitedSay: “It’s a step closer to revealing the link between Alzheimer’s disease and sleep.”

The neuroscientist Maiken Nedergaard of the University of Rochester can’t help but admire: “This paper is great.”

So, get a little more sleep, don’t stay up late. Brainwashing can’t finish, maybe it will be stupid (dog head).

Why can I only brainwash when I am asleep?

When you fall asleep, the brain goes through several different stages: from mild sleep to unconscious deep sleep to rapid eye movement (REM) Sleep is a state of easy dreaming.

This new study focuses on non-REM stages, that is, when it is not a dream, it also retains memory for the brain

In fact, in 2013, studies have shown that during the sleep of mice, toxins like beta amyloid in the brain are cleared. The “cleanser” used in the brain is called cerebrospinal fluid.

The question is, how is it cleared? Why can I clear only when I sleep?

The scientists did an experiment to bring 13 people with a brain cap in the NMR (MRI)Sleeping in the machine. The EEG will show which sleep state a person is in; MRI measures blood oxygen levels and shows how much cerebrospinal fluid flows in and out.

Then discovered a wonderful phenomenon:

The blood oxygen concentration in the brain showed a significant large cycle change. In other words, blood will flow out of the brain on a large scale and periodically.

At this time, the cerebrospinal fluid will take the opportunity to rush into the brain and fill the space left for it:

Green is the blood oxygenation signal, purple is the cerebrospinal fluid signal

After waking up, the big cycle is gone, and there is no way for the cerebrospinal fluid to rush into the brain to complete an effective cleaning:

The author of the paper is Laura Lewis (“Lewis”) believes that this is because during the sleep, the neurons in the brain will Start synchronizing activities, open together, and close together.

The reason for this speculation is that EEG data shows that blood and cerebrospinal fluid flow occurs after the emergence of a neurological rhythm:

When a large number of neurons stop firing together, there is no need for so much blood to deliver oxygen, giving the opportunity for cerebrospinal fluid to flow in.

This way, there is the scene we saw at the beginning:

This discovery is important, it tells us that sleep is a very special feature:

When we are awake, the neurons are not going to be the same. So, when you are awake, there is no way to let the brain’s blood volume drop to a low enough level.

Only after asleep, when there is not much blood in the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid can be freely circulated to remove metabolic by-products like beta amyloid.

Even the head of the mouse study in 2013, the neuroscientist of the University of Rochester, Maiken Nedergaard, also sighed:

This paper is awesome.

Unexpectedly, someone can really prove that EEG activity is a boat that can make liquid flow.

Next Study

According to Bryce Mand (Bryce A MandEr)Published in Nature Journals , aging and local brain atrophy are associated with a decrease in slow wave activity during sleep during non-rapid eye movement (NREM).

This study points out that sleep disruption in the elderly is caused by structural changes in the brain that can lead to a decline in age-related cognitive abilities.

And now, this new development at Boston University shows that slow wave loss is associated with decreased cerebrospinal fluid flow.

Next, they will continue to explore how aging affects the flow of blood and cerebrospinal fluid during sleep.

According to Lewis, the research team plans to recruit seniors to participate in the next study.

Another challenge in the research advancement process is how brain waves, blood and cerebrospinal fluid work together perfectly. Lewis said:

We observed that neurological changes always appear first, and then the blood flows out of the brain, after which cerebrospinal fluid fluctuations occur.

In-depth study of this study also provides treatment and prevention like Alzheimer’s (Alzheimer’s), autism Such neurological diseases have opened up new therapeutic ideas.

Before, drug development for beta amyloid was frequently in trouble, but now scientists have pointed out that perhaps not focusing on the specific molecules that work, but focusing on increasing the total amount of cerebrospinal fluid that “brainwashing” will become an effective solution. Program.

Female Scientists Leading

The author of this Science paper is Laura Lewis, an assistant professor of biomedical engineering at Boston University’s School of Engineering.

In 2014, she graduated with a Ph.D. in Neuroscience from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research interests include brain imaging, neurodynamics, and computational neuroscience and signal processing.

Thesis is a member of the Lewis lab, Nina Folz

Interestingly, the vast majority of the 10 members of Lewis Labs are women.

Transportation Gate:

Thesis: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6465/628

Other related research:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3880190/< /p>

https://www.nature.com/articles/nn.3324