Article from WeChat public account:New Oriental Family Education (ID:xdfjtjy), author: Liu spruce (Associate Dean of Education, Peking University), from the title figure: TV drama “little joy”
Organized from the 12th New Oriental Family Education Summit Forum
The theme of the speech “The rise of the second generation and the limits of education”
What is China’s family education doing? Today we are here to talk about the beginning and the future, but most of the family education is learning for competition, and we can’t let the children lose at the starting line.
What is school education in China doing? School education is reducing burdens, so that all students are as good, and all students are happy to grow up. This is a very beautiful vision, but it is an imaginary utopia, that is, no authenticity.
Chinese education: train the turtle to run like a rabbit
We let the turtle and the rabbit race together. Turtles and rabbits are different, especially in running skills, how can they make them run as fast?
From a technical perspective, the result is more likely to make them run as slow, not as fast.
From the institutional level, why do you have to let the turtle and rabbit race together? What kind of system and structure are they allowing them to race?
In the 1.0 version of the Tortoise and the Hare race, students are brushing the questions, the academic burden is very heavy, and the high knowledge requirements are very weak in relation to their future career and life. Excessive training makes students burnout and lack of internal vitality.
There are a couple of concepts in the auction, one called competitive and one called competitive. Competitiveness is the best and most expensive. It refers to unique, creative, and niche works. Competition refers to picking the cheapest, especially high-volume, low-tech products.
When cultivating and selecting talents, we must choose who is better, more creative, and more able to explore ourselves in an uncertain situation. Still see who can’t make mistakes, can’t have any risks, can’t you have any flaws?
If we are looking for talent, we will see more of the odds of making mistakes. This is the competition. There is a pair of tension between equality and excellence. If we repeat in the exams that can’t make mistakes and compete, the child’s creativity will be wiped out.
On the one hand, basic education is constantly being balanced, and how to do fair and quality education becomes a difficulty.
On the other hand, higher education is stratified, with strict stratification such as Top2, 985, and 211, and multiple choices for education behind globalization.
Balanced basic education and stratified higher education, how do you bridge the gap between the two? If there is no balanced and quality basic education, how can it support the global educational competition? This issue is an institutional difficulty that is very important for education reform.
Excellent Education and Exposure Education
There are two types of education models, one is fine education, the education is alienated into an examination machine, followed by strict selection and training. The idea behind it isNo pain No gain.
The other is open-edition education. Their philosophy is to provide everything you are interested in and what you want to have.
In Chinese society, the upper middle class and the middle and lower class have already had obvious differences in nurturing the next generation. The upper middle class began to choose and enjoy quality education, and the middle and lower classes still trust and choose exam-oriented education.
If you say that in the 1.0 version of the Tortoise and the Hare, the rabbit has to run as slow as the turtle; by version 2.0, we will find that the tortoise that started the BMW began to enter.
This is no longer a natural competition, it has become a second generation issue. The rise of the second generation is not only a story of China, it is a global story.
Why do children want to go to Ivy? Because Ivy League schools are connected to some top professions, they are lawyers, investment banks, and consultants. When they graduate, the income will reach the top 10% of the national family, and the salary is twice that of other graduates in the same school. Times, this is a one-way ticket to the upper echelons of society.
The choices they face are often a high-paying, fast-paced, very glamorous, decent life, or earning a little wage and maintaining a choice between life. Behind the choice of major is not a simple knowledge, a way of life, but also a style of life.
Before we talked about the concept of human capital, more is to see what you have learned, which determines what you can do; today is more to see “who are you” – tell me your story, use your resume Present a three-dimensional “who are you.”
Who are you? Deciding what you can do is called personality capital. In fact, it is the concept of quality that we speak in China. It is more about driving, enterprising, personal qualities, and personal interests, rather than simple professional interests. Top talents can not only survive in harsh environments, but more importantly, they can be vibrant and boost morale.
In the 1.0 version of Education Choice, we believe that IQ plus effort equals achievement. In version 2.0, especially after the emergence of the wealth class, you will find out what kind of resources are in your family, and what kind of preferences or interests your child has is equal to your choice, so there is a parent center behind it. Doctrine, this is the saying of the saying: fight.
China’s second generation and education expectations
Let’s take a look at the second generation of China and its educational expectations.
What is the education that the people are satisfied with? Behind this is the great achievements of the 40 years of reform and opening up. One of the achievements is that we are accustomed to the speed of upward development, and at the same time the emergence of the wealth class.
As a traditional upward mobility path, education is beginning to face enormous uncertainties. Especially for the one-child family, education is the only expectation, not allowing failure, or even accepting mediocrity.
Besides the investment in over-education, education is no longer just education.
So what are the important functions of school and education? Today’s education has become an agent mechanism for the distribution of the core interests of modern society.
Education is regarded as a “testing ground for genius, a screening place for character.” This “genius test site, quality screening” enters the modern society, naturally the qualifications obtained from school education and various examinations and examinations, the diploma obtained from education, and the door opened by the diploma. succeed.
However, “the gambling is in the hands of the devil”, this fate is not the individual’s fate, but the family’s fortune; this “hand” is no longer just the diligent study of the scholars, but a continuous investment of the family.
Sociologist Bourdieu’s abstract cultural capital is a daily, specific and even fragmented family education in China. Does the parents devote themselves to, carefully accompany, teachWhether the breeding method is appropriate.
Entering a university is not only a personal achievement of a student, but also a long-lasting effort of the family. In Chinese society with equal genes, higher education is expected to be a safety valve to maintain social justice. Education and examinations are open to all people and all families, which means that all people and all families are involved.
The younger brothers who embrace the destiny of changing their destiny face greater difficulties in the popularization of higher education, because the defense “slipping” and striving for “upward” have become all classes (including the middle, upper middle class) The deep tension in intergenerational transmission, and even daily anxiety.
Under the banner of education that satisfies the people, the people are not an abstract whole, but a group of conflicts and even divided individuals.
The fierce competition logic allows fair political idealism to enter the reality and often fall into pragmatic and rational utilitarianism.
China’s education cannot avoid competition. What is important is how competitive can be reasonable? Where is the limit of competition?
Between the current education and social structure, the two forces are pushing the “rights” to rise. First, the government promises to “run the education of the people’s satisfaction” – enjoying the quality education is the right of everyone; second, under the mass higher education, the enrollment scale is constantly expanding.
Therefore, the basic education is reduced, and the college entrance examination reduces the difficulty. Such a round of examination reform has greatly damaged the authority of the examination, and the discriminative power of the examination is becoming less and less.
The talents selected at the expense of not making mistakes and not appearing at the expense of foreigners are heterogeneous with the innovative talents we have just talked about in global competition. Therefore, the selection and identification of elites naturally seek new qualifications and new The threshold.
In the independent enrollment, the original intention of colleges and universities is simple, and there are often thousands of horses, but Bole is not always there. Bole has to be forced out of the mountains to start picking himself.
However, the cost of competition is getting higher and higher, not only requires personal sustained efforts, strong will, but also the vision of family business and expensive investment, which has become a rational business.
Each indicator is a business, or even an industry chain, around the admission of schools, the choice of professional hot and cold, the ranking of candidates, the awards of competitions, and the results of independent enrollment.
The tortoise and the hare raced to version 2.0. The education reform only played down the test selection function internally, allowing each student to experience success. Whether the college entrance examination is worth mentioning, whether the competition is worth mentioning or not, it is quickly encroached on by utilitarian selection. The BMW car entered the scene decently and was subtly obscured.
The debate between quality education and exam-oriented education is a false question. Their true opponents and common enemy are utilitarian education.
Under the invasion of utilitarianism, there should be routines and relying on sea tactics; the competition is also inevitable “routing”, and it is also in the dilemma of “brushing questions”; avoiding the training of “white mice”, parents have invited high prices. The animal trainer: The Olympics is just a more difficult mental gymnastics. The competition is a gamble.
The crux and limits of educational reform
The president of the University of Chicago, Hutchins, said that it is neither wise nor dangerous to regard education as a tool for social transformation.
Hutchins criticizes modern society for two myths: All problems can be solved through production and solved through education. Unfortunately, these two great creeds once again show the wrong concept. We also see that production can exacerbate poverty, and education can contribute to ignorance.
Chinese education has been nested into the wholeIn the spheroidization, there are both egalitarian appeals, strategies for the middle class to manage investment, and the interests of the elite to strictly inherit their rulers.
Education becomes a casino, This is the educational choice and the opportunity trap behind the choices we have for the second generation.
Complete education is embedded in China’s current political and economic structure. Behind it is everyone going up. In the pursuit of the people and the pursuit of others, it is a war of all people, which is rootless. This is an orphan who lost his hometown.
Board education embedded in China’s current concept of public sentiment, behind it is infinite disease, omnipotent behind is a person’s closure of everyone, he lost his brotherhood, became an only child.
How strict is the former, and how sham is the latter. The two are nested together. This is the pathology of Chinese education today.
So what can education do? Harmonious education between the heart, the hands, and the brain is very important.
Behind the heart is love, it is a moral category, especially the emotional part, love, faith, trust, gratitude, and conscience activity, understanding of good and beautiful; the other is the hand, the body of practice Memory; second is the brain, the world, the ability to make rational judgments about things.
Our education only sees the brain, but the heart and hands are ignored. The power of the heart is emotion. Only when the moral feelings such as sympathy, love, joy, gratitude become the subject of the child’s feelings, instead of becoming a rootless, infinite modern person who is both an orphan and an only child, can the new one be cultivated. ability.
Education has its inner order. First, create a moral mood to cultivate his heart, followed by the ability to practice doing things, form his hand, and finally his head. Education must integrate the psychological temperament of virtue and intelligence into the blood of the child before the material desire begins to invade the blood. This is the primary education.jobs.
So the first stage must be a good education. In school education, there must be a community full of love, and teachers must have a model lifestyle to resonate.
The education of mankind should slowly change from feeling to judgment. It takes a long time to cultivate his heart, and then he can train his reason, the warm emotions and love in the family. The school community is very important.
The second part is the skill of practice, is the ability to engrave on our bodies, in our hands, practice is a bridge between knowledge and humanity.
We often say 10,000 hours of law, 10,000 hours of investment makes people become experts in craftsmanship, simple repetition and continuous practice in time, grinding skills in the hands of learners, physically, this is called The skills of the whole body.
Practice can develop a child’s simplicity, modesty, gentleness and focus on quality. Focus is the need for training, the skills of the hand can also comfort and treat modern people, people with a sense of practice, not impatient, not anxious, have a steady pace, calm rhythm.
New Oriental Family Education is committed to delivering professional family education concepts, providing family education information at home and abroad, and sharing absorbable and actionable methods and recommendations. Let us learn together and be better parents!
Article from WeChat public account:New Oriental Family Education (ID:xdfjtjy), author: Liu spruce (Associate Dean of Education, Peking University)