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For more than 10 years since its launch, HPV vaccination programs have been implemented in nearly a hundred countries and regions around the world. Existing vaccination procedures vary slightly from country to country, but generally include 2 to 3 doses. But even in countries where the HPV vaccine is widely available, such as the United States, only 51% of young people receive complete multi-dose vaccines. There are various reasons behind this, such as not understanding the complete vaccination procedures, forgetting to vaccinate, lacking professional medical advice, and obtaining medical services Inconvenience, etc … Simplifying vaccination procedures has become one of the topics to optimize the application of HPV vaccines.

Recently, a new study published in the JAMA Network Open by the University of Texas Houston Health Science Center and the Harvard Medical School team shows that a dose of HPV vaccine can effectively prevent HPV infection.

Screenshot source: JAMA Network Open official website

In this study, the research team surveyed women who received different doses of the vaccine to analyze their differences in HPV infection rates. The data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2016 (NHANES) can better represent the general situation of the United States population. 1,620 female subjects aged 18 to 26 reported self-reported vaccination history and sexual behavior data, and provided samples for cervical lesion detection.

Of these subjects, 1004 were unvaccinated, 616 were vaccinated at least once, of which 126 received two doses and 384 received three doses. (Infection rate is 12.5%) compared with unvaccinated women. Women who have received the HPV vaccine are infected with HPV 6, 11, 16, or 18. The odds of the four high-risk subtypes were significantly lower. In women who had received one, two, and three doses, the infection rates were 2.4%, 5.1%, and 3.1%, respectively. The number of vaccination doses did not significantly affect HPV infection influences.

The results of the paper show that the protection provided by a single dose of vaccine may be as effective as the currently recommended two- or three-dose vaccination procedures. These findings support post hoc analyses of previous vaccine trials that have shown that one, two, or three doses are equally effective. However, because this is a cross-sectional study, it is difficult for the research team to accurately assess the timing of HPV vaccination and potential HPV exposure. In addition, subject self-reported data may be biased.