Drink cola with thoughts, eat churros, and play mahjong.
Editor’s note: This article comes from WeChat public account “Xin Zhi Yuan” (ID: AI_era) a>, Edit: Peng Fei. span> p>
[Introduction to Xinzhiyuan] Zhejiang University has announced the important scientific research results of the “Double Brain Project”, and the “Brain-Computer Interface” team of Qiushi Advanced Research Institute cooperated with the Department of Neurosurgery of Zhejiang University Medical College to complete domestic The first clinical study of implantable brain-computer interface. Patients can completely control the external robotic arm and manipulator to realize three-dimensional space movement by using the cerebral motor cortex signals. At the same time, it is the first time that elderly patients have used implantable brain-computer interface for complex and effective Feasibility of motion control. p> address>
In a room on the 16th floor of the Department of Functional Neurosurgery of Zhejiang University Second Hospital, a group of people are staring at an old man lying in a hospital bed. It looks not much different from the general treatment process, except for the computer screen in front of the patient. And a robotic arm. p>
At this moment, just listening to a gentle male voice saying, “Hold, come on, take your time, move towards your mouth, go back a bit, it’s almost the same, stop!” p>
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Image source: Zhejiang University Public Account p>
Following his voice instructions, the robotic arm slowly grabbed a glass of Coke and slowly delivered it to the patient. As the uncle drank Cola, applause and cheers sounded warmly. p>
Drinking Coca-Cola is something that can’t be done anymore. Even the old people in their 70s drink Coca-Cola. The famous stock god Buffett loves Coca-Cola! What is it that makes a group of people thrilled because a grandpa drinks Cola? p>
The first case in the country: elderly, high paraplegic patients drink Coke and play Mahjong with thoughts strong>h3>
Someone may wonder if the doctor is using voice to control the robotic arm to complete this series of operations, just like many robots that can accept voice commands displayed at CES. wrong! p>
The entire process, from grabbing Coke to delivering it to the uncle ’s mouth, is a set of procedures that the uncle uses the mind to control the robotic arm to complete, neither hands nor mouth. p>
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On January 16, Zhejiang University announced: p>
An important scientific research result of the “Brain Brain Project”. The “Brain-Computer Interface” team of Qiushi Advanced Research Institute and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Medical College cooperated to complete the first clinical study of implantable brain-computer interface in China It can fully utilize the signals of the cerebral motor cortex to precisely control the external robotic arms and robotic arms to realize three-dimensional space movement. At the same time, it is proved for the first time that complex and effective motion control is feasible for elderly patients using implanted brain-computer interfaces. p>
Please pay attention, public account: Zhejiang University First domestic case! 72-year-old patient with high paraplegia drinks cola and plays mahjong with ideas p>
blockquote>The “dual brain plan” is the first special plan launched by Zhejiang University in 2018 to launch the “dual-class” construction. Integrate research in cutting-edge directions, and conduct high-level subject convergence research around “brain science +” and “artificial intelligence +”, and strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic theory, cutting-edge technology, and achievement transformation, and cultivate a number of world-leading research results and advanced subjects. p> address>
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The main character in today ’s story, Uncle Zhang, is 72 years old. Two years ago, the fourth cervical spinal cord injury was caused by a car accident, and his limbs were completely paralyzed. He lost his mobility very unfortunately.force. So even something as ordinary as Coke is a super difficult problem for him. p>
However, after systematic training, he can now use his consciousness to control a mechanical arm to shake hands with people, take drinks, eat churros, and even play Mahjong! If he were given a mechanical exoskeleton, would he be able to take care of himself completely? p>
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The significance of this achievement and the social value it contains are undoubtedly enormous! It is reported that this research is subject to the national key R & D plan “Research and Application of Active Rehabilitation Technology for Cerebrovascular Diseases Based on Brain-Computer Interface (2017YFC1308500)” and the National Key R & D Plan “Research on Key Technologies of Brain Information Cognition for Brain-Computer Fusion (2018YFA0701400)” , “The National Natural Science Foundation of China major scientific research instrument development project” real-time neural network complex system real-time analysis and regulation instrument development (31627802) “funding. P>
7 years, from monkeys to humans, from sound limbs to high paraplegia h3>
In fact, the realization of mind control is very complicated, and requires the cross-cooperation of neuroscience, information engineering technology and medicine. p>
In 2012, the “brain-machine interface” team of Zhejiang University Qiushi Advanced Research Institute implanted a microelectrode array in the monkey brain named “Jianhui”, successfully decoded the monkey’s neural signals, identified and completed grasping, Hook, hold and pinch four different hand movements. p>
In 2014, the Zhejiang University team implanted microelectrodes on the surface of the human cerebral cortex, and for the first time in China, the robot arm made finger movements of “stone, scissors, cloth”. p>
From the “animal navigation system” in the rat’s brain to the realization of these four simplest movements, the research team took 5 years; from the monkeys with healthy limbs to the high paraplegic humans who were over seventy years old It took another 7 years! p>
Compared with the above two results, the challenge this time is: the difficulty of signal decoding, encoding, calculation method and efficiency have been improved by several levels! p>
First of all, advanced age has made an indelible “contribution” to the difficulty of the experiment. The 72-year-old uncle is relatively weaker than previous young volunteers in terms of physical strength, concentration and emotional cooperation. p>
Second, paralysis adds difficulty to deciphering signals. Under normal circumstances, the movement of a monkey or a human arm can be associated with a signal sent by the brain, and then the signal code to make the movement can be deciphered. p>
But in this studyUncle ’s arm ca n’t move at all. All the movements are done through imagination. There is no accurate motion information for constructing the decoder. The signal quality is also unstable than the former. And the complexity of human brain activity is much higher than that of monkeys, and the signal interference is stronger. p>
Manipulation of Ideas: A Man’s Millennium Dream h3>
From “The Matrix” to “Star Wars”, it seems that “ideal manipulation” has become a must-have skill for superheroes to defeat the enemy and save the world. p>
Man ’s yearning for idea manipulation can be traced back thousands of years, but the history of real breakthroughs is less than 20 years: p>
DARPA’s next-generation non-neuro-neurological (N 3) project has funded six groups that are trying to establish brain-computer interfaces that match the performance of the implanted electrodes without any surgery. By simply putting on a helmet or a headset, soldiers can imagine commanding the control center without touching the keyboard; flying drones intuitively with thought; and even feeling intrusive to a secure network. Although technology sounds futuristic, DARPA hopes to complete it in four years. p>
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Musk’s Neuralink Corporation takes brain-computer interface technology to new heights. The new implant line is thinner than the hair, and the number of electrodes has increased several tens times. The whole machine implantation is stable and accurate, minimizing the risk of brain injury. A special chip is used to read brain signals, which can be controlled by iPhone. p>
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Facebook, in collaboration with a team of Chinese professors from the University of California, San Francisco, has created a brain-computer interface that decodes Q & A conversations from brain signals in real time. This is the world’s firstA project that decodes quiz speech of brain signals in real time, or may be used in augmented reality glasses. p>
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Relying on artificial neural networks and electroencephalography (EEG), Russian researchers have discovered a way to visualize human brain activity, which can simulate the pictures seen by testers in real time. p>
NextMind is developing a brainComputer interface, which can convert the signals of the visual cortex into digital commands, and can input commands to computers and AR / VR devices visually. A development kit for developers and partners will be available this month for $ 399. This product won the CES Innovation Award. p>
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We are getting closer and closer to the cyber world of William Gibson and PKD, where the consciousness can roam freely, and the body can be perfectly combined with machinery. p>
Cover image from pexels p>