There are not a few small and micro businesses that have funding needs but have never borrowed from a bank.
Editor’s note: This article is from Economic Observer Online , Author: Huang Lei, reproduced with permission.
After two consecutive days of phone calls and consultations with a number of banks, the loan Hu Zhuoyi sought was still unsettled.
Hu Zhuoyi is a legal person in Wuhan that has just been established for four years and has a registered capital of 3 million small and micro enterprises. His company mainly undertakes communication engineering design and communication line and equipment installation requirements for companies outside the province. There are currently 15 employees in the company.
With the gradual unblocking of Hubei, his company is about to resume work. While considering how to make Hubei workers safely and orderly return to the construction site, Hu Zhuoyi is also actively raising funds for the company to run.
“I haven’t made any corporate loans in the bank before. Recently, it was mentioned in the news that the bank supports more corporate policies, so I want to try it. The loan amount is about 800,000, because at least we must guarantee the company’s expenses for 3 months. Otherwise it will not work properly. “Hu Zhuoyi said.
Small and micro businesses like Hu Zhuoyi’s company that have capital needs but have never borrowed from a bank are not a minority. According to the “Banking User Experience Survey 2019” previously released by Weizhong Bank-Bank User Experience Joint Lab, more than 40% of small and micro business owners who know bank loans have never used a bank loan.
In recent years, the policy-makers have introduced a number of measures, including the introduction of the LPR interest rate reform by the central bank to guide the cost of funds down, and at the same time to implement the RRR cut, especially in response to the epidemic, the central bank has also specially introduced preferential loan funds for re-loaning and discounting Provide more funds for banks to support inclusive finance, so how to make these funds flow into the hands of small and micro enterprises that are in urgent need is still a question worth pondering.
On March 13, Yang Liping, chief inspector of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, said at a press conference of the State Council ’s joint prevention and control mechanism that it will study and assess the first loan ratio so that more companies that have not obtained loans from banks can obtain financing from banks.
Looking for a loan by phone
“Even if the 15 workers are calculated based on the minimum wage, they will spend nearly 40,000 a month. The rent for the house where the workers live plus the personal mortgage loans used for the company’s operations will be close to 30,000 every month. A few years ago, the project did not receive payment, so there was a lot of pressure. “Hu Zhuoyi calculated for the reporter. He said that in the past two months when construction has not started, he has managed to maintain the above expenditures, and once faced with resumption of work, the pressure on capital demand has increased sharply.
Hu Zhuoyi said that the company’s operating capital was mainly based on borrowing money from friends or relatives. It is convenient and the repayment period can be negotiated. It is more flexible and the interest is relatively low. For example, if you borrow 200,000, the repayment period can float at 1. -2 years,About 10,000 yuan interest. The situation now is that friends around you have the need to resume work and resume production, so it is difficult to borrow money.
Recalling what I recently saw in the news, banks provided financial services to the needs of small and micro enterprises during the epidemic, and they resumed work and resumed production. Consulting, eagerly want to understand related content.
Hu Zhuoyi didn’t study too much about the corporate loan process before, and is currently in the inconvenient stage of going out, so he chose to conduct it through online consultation.
Because the company’s account bank was at Wuhan Rural Commercial Bank, Hu Zhuoyi first called the account manager that the bank had previously reserved for him, but after two consecutive days, no one answered. He also called the Wuhan Rural Commercial Bank’s hotline at the same time. No one heard.
Hu Zhuoyi thought of Internet banking again. He called Weizhong Bank’s hotline and the intelligent voice customer service advised him because he had not opened any Weizhong Bank’s business before and needed to consult in the public account. However, in the public account, Hu Zhuoyi found The online liquidity loan service provided by Weizhong Bank for small, medium and micro enterprises, the application area is not included in Hubei.
He turned to the hotlines of several state-owned banks and dialed them one by one. One of the bank customer service told him that the labor industry like him is not easy to get money, and bank loans must be repayable. “I asked if it would be feasible to use real estate or car production as a mortgage, and the customer service told me that they would not want real estate and car production because it is not an auction house. The bank needs a source of income.”
Hu Zhuoyi said that for the project he completed last year, the upstream company has not yet settled the rebate. The bank told him that if the labor service loan, the upstream company and the bank must sign a guarantee to ensure that if his company cannot repay, the upstream company will Make a repayment. “The upstream company here is the company that provides labor services and pays, but such guarantees are basically unavailable.” Hu Zhuoyi said, when serving upstream companies, labor companies like them are in a weak position because of fierce competition , Bargaining power is not strong, “upstream companies also have their own considerations, if it is owed to us, the repayment period can be negotiated, and if it is signed with the bank, then they are very passive.”
The bank customer service also said that although banks now have support policies for enterprises, the support is against the epidemic situation. The relevant policies of other enterprises must wait for the epidemic situation to go through the normal procedures to apply for loans. “He told me that the interest on corporate loans will fall. It was 5.3% -5.5% before the epidemic, and it will fall after the epidemic, but it is not clear how much it will be reduced.” Hu Zhuoyi said.
Where is the first loan difficult?
In order to solve the problem of financing difficulties for newly established and newly opened small and micro enterprises, a person from the Financial Services Department of a stock bank told reporters that the first lender has a pain point for the bank that there is no channel and the bank has no news. Symmetry problem, I do n’t know which companies have financing needs, becauseThe bank will also actively seek channels, including cooperation with Internet platforms and guarantee alliances.
The person in charge of the financial business of a national bank said that at this stage, banks prefer companies that have not experienced major changes in fundamentals and have encountered difficulties during the period. Generally, they will take rescue actions and adjust through repayment methods. For enterprises with significant operating risks, strict risk management and control measures such as loan recovery will be adopted to stop losses. Moreover, banks will pay attention to the risk of overcapacity, excessive financing risks and capital misappropriation risks in corporate loans.
Introduced to reporters by ICBC, ICBC is currently exploring more diversified and small-scale financing based on data on production and operation, trade circulation, and tax payment of small and micro enterprises by strengthening cooperation with governments, e-commerce platforms, and leading enterprises. Scenarios, expand the coverage of customer credit, and include more “first lenders” in financing support. At the same time, strengthen cooperation with the national financing guarantee fund and build a financing guarantee cooperation model that supports the “first lender”. ICBC cooperates with the National Financing Guarantee Fund and local government guarantee funds to serve the “first lender” with the cooperation model of “bank administration” and “bank balance” to solve the incomplete credit information of the “first lender” and the relative lack of collateral. And other issues.
At present, ICBC uses information such as industry and commerce, credit, and taxation to provide “open account loans” online credit loans at the start-up stage of the enterprise. Currently, it has served more than 2,000 new account customers, and the loan amount exceeded 200 million yuan; With the development and growth of customers, stable tax payment, and the provision of “tax loan” financing services, the maximum amount of which can reach 3 million yuan, and so far has provided more than 50,000 customers with loans of more than 60 billion yuan.
Weizhong Bank · Bank User Experience Joint Lab’s “2019 Banking User Experience Survey Report” previously released shows that nearly 80% of small and micro business owners have learned about bank loans, and that bank loan methods are proactive. The methods of actively seeking bank consultation and online banking channels are the main methods used by small and micro business owners to understand bank loans. From the perspective of using bank loans, survey data show that more than 40% of small and micro business owners who know bank loans have never used bank loans. The main reason for understanding but not using it is that the use threshold is high and the user experience is not good enough. In addition, high interest rates have made some small and micro enterprises discourage bank loans.
It is worth noting that the above research report indicates that small and micro users who have used bank loans are more willing to continue to use banks than users who have not used bank loans. It can be seen that the increase in the first loan rate is conducive to maintaining the bank’s further operational transformation of small and micro business owners.
Dong Ximiao, chief researcher of Xinwang Bank and special researcher of National Finance and Development Lab, believes that banks need to strengthen the visits and training of private and small and micro-enterprise owners and financial personnel, improve bank-enterprise communication, popularize financial knowledge, and recommend products and services. To meet the needs of enterprises ‘first loan, improve the accuracy of the first loan supply and demand matching, and solve problems such as enterprises’ lack of understanding of bank products and services.
The reporter learned that with the CBRC’s proposal to study and evaluate the first loan ratio, many banks have already proposed the goal of increasing the proportion of first loan customers. How to implement it depends on the implementation of further measures.
However, for Zhuoyi Hu, there is still much to explore on this road for seeking the first bank loan. “No way, I feel that the online consultation is stumbling, ineffective, and many materials and procedures can not be connected in time. I did not really know the products and services of banks to enterprises before. I decided to wait a while and go to the bank with my business license in person. Network consulting. “Today Hu Zhuoyi used” hard carry “to describe the next company operation, he said that when he can go outside the province, he will stubbornly hold the bill and go to the upstream company to ask for payment.
(At the request of the interviewer, Hu Zhuoyi changed his name)