This article is from WeChat public account: Grow in the composition (ID: lvshicai8) , author: Yang Sheng, from the title figure: vision China
One
After so many years of education, I have contacted many students and felt the changes in education. But I feel more and more that our current higher education seems to be more and more biased, and it has seriously deviated from the instinct of higher education, whether it is undergraduate education or higher vocational education. This is very distressing, and this deviation is most affected by the young people at the bottom who are mainly children of farmers.
Why do you say that? What’s wrong?
deviates from the essence of education and the most basic purpose of education.
To make this clear, let ’s first look at what education is. The most typical concept of education in ancient and modern China and foreign countries is: “Education is the social activity to cultivate people”. In a narrow sense, education refers to specially organized school education; in a broad sense, education refers to social practice activities that affect people ’s physical and mental development. Specifically, in accordance with laws and regulations and industry norms, educators purposefully and systematically cultivate the educated person ’s mental development, and use existing experience and knowledge to teach them to explain various phenomena, problems Behavior to improve their practical ability. Its fundamental purpose is to allow the educated to recognize the world and treat things with a relatively mature or rational thinking.
In the above description of the basic functions of education, no mention is made of majors and skills. That is to say, the core of education is not to allow educated persons to acquire professions and skills, but to acquire the thinking and cognition required for better physical and mental development.
As the saying goes, people can go as far as they think. This is the guiding role of human thinking and cognition in life. Especially in modern society, people’s environment is very complex, and even the situation and work often change. In this case, it can make people calmly deal with the ever-changingOnly the thinking and cognition of the external environment and the ebb and flow of life are human.
Education has existed for thousands of years, and the ancient and modern Chinese and foreign philosophers have correctly understood the essence of education. In feudal society in China for more than two thousand years, education revolves around Confucian classics. The selection of national pillars has never tested basic skills such as carpentry, bricklayers and tailors. But it is this education model and selection system that has ensured that China has been among the most advanced countries in the world in a long feudal society of more than two thousand years, creating a brilliant civilization, until the modern West entered industry civilization.
The creation and continuation of civilization for more than two thousand years and the governance and development of the country have fully proved that the education methods we follow are correct and efficient. In other words, focusing on education at the level of human thinking, broadening horizons, inspiring wisdom, and constructing three views are not only useful for individuals themselves, but also for the governance and development of the country.
Of course, in this modern society, we certainly cannot focus on “virtual” education at the thinking level just like the ancients. We must also pay attention to the cultivation of technical skills, but we cannot go from one extreme to the other. You can’t just focus on the cultivation of technical skills, and give up education on thinking and cognition.
In modern society, are technology and skills more advanced than thinking and cognition?
Look at your surroundings. How many middle- and high-level leaders with high salaries do you still have specific business in those units that survive on competitiveness? It can be said that there are very few. Can people who only do specific business be leaders? Certainly not. The company’s development policy requires a visionary leader to design and decide. What comes from the vision? Can only come from higher-level thinking than others. Ma Yun will not write code, and Ren Zhengfei will not design 5G equipment. Why should they become the soul of the company? It is because the height of their thinking is far above others.
Two
Understanding the nature of education, let ’s take a look at the current status of higher education in China.
Currently, colleges and universities in our country, except those 985 and 211 colleges, especially undergraduates and almost all higher vocational colleges in the last class, the education of students basically revolves around the cultivation of technology and skills. If there are very few engineering majors that are urgently needed by society, and those that teach hard core skills such as excavator technology and cooking technology are necessary to revolve around the skills, then a large number of humanities and social science majors surround the so-called technology Skills turn around, it is a bit nonsense.
At present, in China ’s universities, I am afraid that more than half of the students are studying the so-called “Humanities” major. The characteristic of this type of major is that it is not difficult to learn, but it is not much better than the one who has not learned. After learning, there is no obvious technical advantage, let alone technical barriers; and the recruitment of these “talent” units does not select candidates from the perspective of professional skills, the employers look at the “comprehensive ability of the candidates” “In fact, it is the candidate’s thinking and cognitive level, as well as communication skills.
In recent years, the development scale of China ’s tertiary industry has become larger and larger. According to the report of the Economic Daily, by the end of 2018, the number of employed people in the country reached 77.586 million, of which the number of employees in the tertiary industry reached 46.3%, nearly 5 The year continued to rise. Obviously, more employed people will flow to the tertiary industry in the future.
In China ’s industrial division, the tertiary industry is the service industry, which means industries other than agriculture, industry, mining, energy, construction and other industries. In such an industry, it is basically not necessary to have too deep professional skills, because most of the work in the tertiary industry is to provide daily services to ordinary consumers, and it is not necessary to use too professional and advanced skills.
So what abilities are needed for workers in the tertiary industry? A sense of service, marketing thinking, communication skills, correct knowledge of society, and wisdom to make forward-looking business plans based on these perceptions are required. Are these technologies? Is it a skill? Obviously not. This is thinking and cognition.
The worse the graduates of the school, the more they move to the tertiary industry, because the tertiary industry has a low threshold and it is easy to find a job. Correspondingly, the salary is also low, which is the case in most of the world. A 2012 US Census Bureau report shows that the same is a bachelor’s degree, calculated based on 40 years of work, people who have majored in natural sciences such as engineering, computer, mathematics, chemistry, medicine, physics, etc. have a lifetime longer than those who majored in humanities and social sciences. It is generally much more profitable, with engineering graduates earning more than $ 1.6 million in life than education graduates.
Since most of our undergraduates and graduates from most vocational colleges have moved to tertiary industries that do not require much professional skills, they are engaged in work that requires thinking, cognition, and interpersonal skills. Then, these What do students need to learn most in school? The answer is obvious.
Unfortunately, in the higher education of this group, the country puts the most emphasis on the training of technology and skills, and the least concern on the cultivation of thinking and cognition.
Three
Undergraduate and almost all higher vocational collegesThe cultivation of students is almost revolving around the training of technical skills, and regardless of whether students can use these so-called technical skills after graduation. From the perspective of learning to apply, the educational resources of such schools are seriously mismatched.
I say so many people may disagree. So, I suggest you look at the children of your family and friends around you. If they are in the last class of undergraduate or vocational colleges, then what percentage of people are engaged in professional counterpart work after graduation. What I have seen is that the proportion of people engaged in professional counterpart work after graduation is very small, and even if some people initially do professional counterpart work, one or two or two or three years later, they have moved to other industries. If you take five or ten years as a plan, the number of people engaged in professional counterparts is even more pitiful.
Take the four children of my relatives as an example, two undergraduates and two high-level vocations, two men and two women. At present, none of them are engaged in the majors they have studied in their universities. There are especially many students who have gone to higher vocational colleges in the countryside. Students ask about one year after graduation.
For students majoring in liberal arts, the work they are engaged in is not in line with each other. This is a common phenomenon all over the world. In fact, not only the liberal arts, the well-known scholar Lang Xianping once said that he has taught in so many colleges and universities in the world, and he has never seen a school that is a professional counterpart. Taking my classmates in my university as an example, the major on our diploma is “International Economics and Trade”. There are 34 people in the class. I am afraid that there are only one or two doing international trade at present. There are also quite a few, and many have changed industries after graduation a few years. As for students who majored in marketing, business administration, and law at that time, I am afraid that they are less likely to engage in professional counterpart work.
After graduating for more than ten years, university education has left us with liberal arts students, it seems that we have only thinking and cognition. As for professional, hehe, what is professional? As long as there is an opportunity, I need to use a certain skill and give me three months. As long as it is within the tertiary industry, what can I learn? Does a simple skill take three or four years to learn?
Four
The current high-level education designers completely ignore the essence of education and blindly toss about it. This kind of tossing is most affected by the young people at the bottom who are mainly based on peasant children.
Why do you say that?
First, most of the undergraduate and all higher vocational colleges are children at the bottom, mainly rural childrenIn fact, the mismatch of the educational resources analyzed above is mainly due to the mismatch among these young people.
Secondly, what the bottom-level youths lack most is not technology and skills, but thinking, cognition and insight. This is the place where the bottom-level youths have the biggest gap compared with the urban youths with good growth conditions, and this gap is directly Determine the future, even the fate of the youth at the bottom.
The youth at the bottom, especially the children who grew up in the village and followed the elderly, no one educated them on thinking, cognition and knowledge during their entire growth process. Their knowledge of the world is lack of. And they wanted to improve their consciousness, expand their thinking, expand their horizons by going to university, make up for the gap between their thinking consciousness and that of urban aborigines, and prepare for the future based on the city to integrate into the city.
However, their university education only revolves around so-called technical skills. Obviously it is a liberal arts course, but in the curriculum, there are no subjects such as literature, philosophy, aesthetics, psychology, sociology, and even economics, law and other subjects have been reduced, and a large number of hours have been messed up by so-called professional courses. Occupy or even overlap the content of multiple professional courses. This has led to a narrower and narrower knowledge of students, and less and less knowledge. In addition to the so-called professional knowledge, other common sense asks three questions.
However, after graduation, most of them will be engaged in jobs that are not professionally matched, because there are not so many professional counterparts in the society prepared for them, all they can do is travel around, which line Where can I go, where can I go, I can’t rely on so-called skills to control my career direction. Once the work done is not in line with one another, the so-called skills and techniques that have been practiced thousands of times in school are no longer needed.
The youth at the bottom want to gain a foothold in the city, which is much more difficult than the youth in the city.
The parents of urban youth may have already prepared a house for the child, and they can help the child in finding a job. The worst is, at least provide the child with a base in the city. Food and accommodation are always worry-free, and work can be found slowly.
But what about rural youth? If you want to mix in the city, at least you have to earn money to rent a house to eat, etc. to support yourself, if you can’t live, you have to roll back to the countryside. Fortunately, rural youth are not afraid of suffering and suffering. They can do all the work in the wind and rain, and there is no problem in feeding themselves. However, how to develop next will test their wisdom.
How did you end up having a happy life in the city?Go and live a happy life, this is a set of career and life design, this design requires wisdom, thinking, cognition and vision, that is to say, what education can basically give people ultimately determines people Development and happiness.
There are too many people who have gone to university or even a fairly good university, but ultimately have a bad life. Among these people, the proportion of young people at the bottom is very large, because their thinking, cognition and vision restrict their development.
I come from the bottom, and I understand this deeply. A few days ago I wrote an article “ how deep is the obsession There are many pits in life “ (click to read) , in the article I reviewed my many years of enthusiasm after graduating from university Nian, and these pits dug to yourself. Fortunately, I went to a university 20 years ago. Fortunately, the university 20 years ago paid more attention to the cultivation of students’ thinking and cognition. Although I had a reborn change through college, my thinking and cognition were better than others. The students from the city are undoubtedly one level behind. This gap left me with too much regret.
The designer of the education system must not be blind, let alone be confused, not divorced from reality, divorced from the basic needs of young people, and from the basic needs of society. Blindly commanding and tossing, taking away almost all the functions of “educating people and enlightening wisdom” in higher education, and training only low-end skills. This short-sightedness of quick success and short-term benefits delayed the development of the youth at the bottom.
The road is impassable, and even if hundreds of trails are cut, it is impossible to reach the destination.
Higher education can no longer run blindfolded on the wrong road.
At the bottom of the university, young people must have a clear understanding of university education. Do n’t let your three or four years revolve around the so-called professional skills. Otherwise, once you graduate, do n’t do it. When it comes to professional work, so-called technical skills are useless, so what is left of your education?
Changes in the education system are not going to happen overnight. Even now there are no good signs, but they are running in the opposite direction. Well, if the young people at the bottom go to college, if they are still content to follow the professional design and follow the tutorial, they will play the game outside the classroom with their vibratoIf you do n’t read extensively, do n’t read more books that open your minds and improve your horizons, do n’t try to understand the reality of this world, and do n’t strive to improve yourself from consciousness, thinking, and vision, then, who will you blame in the future?
This article is from WeChat public account: Grow in the composition (ID: lvshicai8) , author: Yang Sheng