The industrial development of quantum communication will enter a new stage ID: cninsights) , author: CIC burning knowledge consulting. The original title “[Guo Zhi• New Infrastructure Topic 4] The Industrialization of Quantum Communication Accelerates, Quantum Internet Benefits the Public”

The Outline of National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Planning (2006-2020) includes quantum communication research for the first time in major scientific plans The industry and academia have paid close attention and made a series of major breakthroughs in technology research and development and application. On this basis, in view of the increasing requirements for the security of information transmission in the future, the industrial development of quantum communications will enter a new stage.

Quantum communication: absolutely safe, large capacity, high efficiency, anti-interference

Quantum communication is based on the two physical properties of quantum “uncertainty” and “quantum entanglement”. Quantum “uncertainty” means that if a single quantum state is not known in advance, it is impossible to completely read the state information by measurement; if it cannot be read, it cannot be copied. “Quantum entanglement” means that when two microscopic particles are in an entangled state, no matter how far apart they are, any change to the quantum state of one of the particles will immediately be felt by the other and will be changed accordingly.

According to the different channels used by quantum communication, quantum communication can be divided into two types: quantum teleportation and quantum cryptographic communication. Due to technical limitations, the quantum teleportation at this stage is far from achieving its industrial application. Quantum cryptography communication can now be applied industrially. The latter is an information security technology based on cryptography, rather than information transmission technology, which can be understood as “optical fiber communication + quantum encryption” or “quantum key distribution”.

Source: CIC Knowledge Consultation

Compared with traditional communication, quantum communication has the following advantages:

  • Absolute security: during the transmission of information, any interceptionThe operation to obtain the measured quantum key will change the quantum state, and quantum communication has no electromagnetic radiation, and third parties cannot wirelessly monitor or detect;

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  • Large channel capacity: The quantum communication capacity is several orders of magnitude higher than traditional optical communication, which can not only meet the needs of trunk broadband high-capacity information transmission, but also be flexibly applied to transmissions where the branch line capacity is not very high; /p>

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  • High timeliness: quantum information transmission is not blocked by any obstacles, the communication line delay is almost zero, and it can be transmitted at ultra-high speed at the same time;

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  • Strong anti-interference ability: The information transmission in quantum communication does not require media, is not affected by the space environment, and has strong anti-interference performance.

Industry chain: Focus on components and core equipment, build transmission trunks and system platforms, and implement applications

In the quantum communication industry chain, the research and development of upstream quantum key distributors, quantum routers and other core devices are the cornerstones of supporting the entire quantum communication; the development of the supporting system platform of the midstream and the construction of the transportation trunk are the guarantee to accelerate the implementation of quantum communication applications The expansion of downstream quantum communication application scenarios is the key to the industrialization and marketization of quantum communication.

Source: CIC Knowledge Consultation

Market scale: The increase in information security needs will promote the further rapid development of the quantum communication market

As an emerging industry, the quantum communication market is in a stage of rapid development. In terms of revenue, China’s quantum communication market scale was 42.5 billion yuan in 2019, and the market scale growth rate from 2017 to 2019 reached 54%. With the increasing demand for information security, the development of quantum communication technology, and the expansion of market applications, it is expected that the scale of China’s quantum communication market will continue to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 16% in the next five years. By 2024, the market The scale will reach 90.3 billion yuan.

Source: CIC Knowledge Consultation

Application field: Based on technology reserves, infrastructure, and national policies, quantum communications will penetrate the country, enterprises, and individuals

Whether in national policies, infrastructure, technical reserves, application fields, the development of the quantum communication industry is already on the arrow. In terms of national policy, quantum communication is one of the important contents of the “13th Five-Year Plan”, which is supported by national plans; in terms of infrastructure, the National Development and Reform Commission proposed to build a national wide-area quantum on the basis of the Beijing-Shanghai main line and the Mozi satellite. The first phase of the construction of the secure communication backbone network, the construction of quantum secure communication backbone networks and metropolitan area networks in key regions such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Economic Belts, and the construction of satellite ground stations in several areas to form a quantum secure communication backbone ring network; In terms of reserves, China is the world leader in quantum communication technology, and has successfully completed important experiments such as high-speed quantum key distribution of satellites and grounds, quantum teleportation of terrestrial satellites, and quantum entanglement distribution of thousands of kilometers; in terms of application fields, China has now achieved The application of quantum communication in military defense, government affairs, finance and other fields.

It is expected that in the future, the quantum communication industry will gain a broader space for development:

  • Military defense: The military defense field has the highest requirements for information security and does not pursue the high economic benefits of the project, so it can quickly achieve large-scale application of quantum communications. In the defense and military fields, quantum communication can be applied to communication key generation and distribution systems to distribute quantum keys to any two users in the future battlefield coverage area, forming a mobile and safe military communication network in the combat area; applied to information confrontation, Improve the security of military optical network information transmission, improve information protection and information confrontation; apply to deep-sea security communications, open up new ways for ocean-to-sea deep-sea security communications; use quantum teleportation and absolute security of quantum communications, large channel capacity, and high The characteristics of communication speed, long-distance transmission and high information efficiency establish a military information network that meets the special needs of the military and wins the first chance for national defense and the military.

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  • Government affairs: The communication of government agencies (such as public security, industry and commerce, local taxation, and finance) also has high requirements for information security. Quantum government networks have been established in many places in my country. Relying on the establishment of the wide area communication network, quantum communication nodes are built in government affairs units. Users within the nodes can provide real-time voice communication, real-time text communication and file transmission under quantum security to ensure the security of information transmission. In 2014, Jinan Quantum Communication Test Network was officially put into use, including 3 centralized control stations, 50Household nodes, 28 node units, can provide more than 90 quantum encrypted voice calls, faxes, text communications and file transmission services for provincial institutions, institutions, banks, etc., with a service connection rate of more than 99% .

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  • Financial field: With the development of information technology, transaction networking, systematization, rapidization and currency digitization have become the most important characteristics of the current financial industry, which puts strict requirements on the security and confidentiality of financial information systems Requirements. Financial information systems must guarantee the confidentiality, integrity, access control, authentication, auditing, tracking, availability, non-repudiation, and reliability of financial transactions. At present, China Quantum Communications can carry out applications such as remote disaster recovery of data centers and real-time transfer of corporate online banking for financial institutions such as banks, securities, futures and funds. In 2017, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China succeeded in quantum communication technology to realize the quantum encrypted transmission of online banking data between Beijing and Shanghai. This is the first time that the global banking industry has applied thousands of kilometers of quantum communication technology, and it is also an important milestone for China’s quantum communication to become practical.

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  • Power field: The power system involves multiple processes such as generation, transformation, transmission, distribution, and use. The system is complex and has high requirements for safety, stability, and reliability. The power system is related to national economy and people’s livelihood. On the basis of China’s vigorous promotion of smart grid construction and transmission and distribution reform, quantum communication is expected to help the power system achieve safe, stable and reliable operation.

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  • Cloud service field: With the deepening of 5G deployment, a large amount of data and services will be concentrated in cloud computing data centers in the future, so data centers have higher requirements for information security, and quantum communication is expected to be in cloud services. Implement the application.

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  • Individuals: In addition to government and corporate users, many manufacturers are gradually exploring the personal application areas of quantum communications. For example, Guodun Quantum has launched quantum security U-shields, quantum security TF cards, and quantum security encrypted mobile phones.

Overseas benchmarking: the development of the quantum communication industry in various angles in various countries, and the global technology industry usher in the strongest outlet

Due to early investment, the United States has a first-mover advantage in the field of quantum communications. As early as 2002, the US Department of Defense’s Advanced Research Projects Agency formulated the “Quantum Information Science and Technology Development Plan”, which gave the main steps and timetable for the development of quantum computing. An important reason for developing advantages. In 2018, the White House of the United States issued the National Quantum Initiative Act, focusing its research efforts on three directions: ultra-precision quantum sensors for biomedicine, navigation, quantum communications that can effectively prevent hackers, and quantum computers. In 2020, the National Quantum Coordination Office of the White House in the United States released the “U.S. Quantum Network Strategic Vision”, proposing that the United States will open up the quantum Internet to ensure that quantum information science benefits the public.The practical application scope of the letter has been continuously expanded.

Source: CIC Knowledge Consultation

In addition to the United States, Europe, Japan and other regions and countries are also committed to promoting the development of quantum communication industrialization. Overseas countries have deployed the quantum communication industry from multiple angles.

Source: CIC Knowledge Consultation

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