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——Dai Jinhua

Dai Jinhua: Peking University Humanities Distinguished Professor, Cultural Studies Scholar

For a long time, I haven’t been passionate about sexTopics are given in public speeches, or written special articles. But at the same time, the gender issue is always the most internal, constant, and consistent proposition in my personal life, personal academics, and personal thinking.

Mr. Dai is making a speech

The contradiction lies in my basic cognition, and it is also a basic fact—in fact, women’s issues seem to be clear, there seem to be a series of confirmed issues, or confirmed thinking paths and ways of thinking, and any woman Issues often immediately trigger the two major camps in society to immediately become two major camps, and then carry out a very emotional and emotional argument, but in fact people often forget the basic facts, that is- half of humanity Children are women. When we discuss women’s issues, we are talking about half of humanity.

This means that when we are discussing women’s issues, we must be touching the world today in some way, to touch the structure, culture, and norms of the entire world today. The mainstream and tributaries of the world, and the intersecting, conflicting and fighting between the mainstream and tributaries.

1. How globalization and the new technological revolution have changed the overall positioning of women

And I must also add that one of the most important and basic premises for me to think about all problems is that we have experienced more than just a natural history of the 20th century to the 21st century.

At the turn of the century from the 20th century to the 21st century, we experienced an unprecedented globalization process on the one hand—the globalization process is not a rhetoric at all.The globalization process is a global market, global logistics, global production chain, The overall layout of global financial capital and the formation of overall control.

On the other side, we experienced the technology that was once invented between the Second World War in the 20th century and after the Second World War, and was intended to be used in the military. It is a comprehensive civilian. That is, we often use new technology revolution to describe the great changes experienced by human society.

For me, this one is recognized by American and French scholars. It may surpass the industrial revolution in depth and breadth. There are two representative fields: one is biology Revolution, that is, the cracking of the gene chain; on the other hand, the popularization and application of technology that has changed the daily life of each of us, and the continuous refreshing of technology, is digital transformation.

The depth and breadth of the new technological revolution far exceed the industrial revolution

And such a new technological revolution has not only changed the state of production, but also changed the global capital structure, the global industrial production structure, and the global labor structure.

So It will inevitably make half of the human beings, under the impact of this technological revolution, suffer a profound impact, experience a new self-positioning, social positioning, experience a woman and A repositioning process between women, women and men, women and others, women and society.

It can be said, If we want to discuss any issue in today’s world, we must include thinking about women’s issues. At the same time, any proposal for women’s issues actually involves global changes. Process.

Of course, for us, another parameter must also be mentioned. Between the 20th and 21st centuries, the other biggest change was the rise of China: For the first time in 500 years of Western modern history, or the history of Western capitalism, a non-Western country took off, the economy rose, and Fully addThe process of entering the global market, global economy and global politics.

The rise of China

It seems needless to say, because of the ongoing Sino-US confrontation, the ongoing global epidemic of the new coronavirus, and the story of China in the global epidemic of the new coronavirus, all of which tell us:

China is no longer the so-called “kingdom behind God” in the 19th century. It is no longer an exception in “human history” and “human civilization”.

At this time, a proposition has already appeared, or this proposition is a pseudo-proposition, that is, Chinese women, or China and women, or women living in China.

This is some basic coordinates and premises that I want to share with you. Maybe for some friends, it’s too big, space hole, and for me it is very specific, it penetrates into my personal life, my personal life, as well as my academics, my thoughts, my work And every proposition of women’s issues.

2. How do “women” stand out in the cultural industry

One of the more specific propositions I chose today is that we take a look at today’s cultural industry, today’s cultural production, and today’s occurrence and manufacture of popular culture and fashion. Are there any changes in the role of women? Has the reproduction of gender changed?

What do all these changes mean for a feminist and a female scholar thinking about women’s issues? In other words, is this series of changes a progress associated with revolution, or is this change accompanied by a grotesque, logical fall or regression?

New culture, new technology, new cultural ecology, cyberspaceIn the meantime, has it opened up more and more women’s escape, or has more and more traps been laid out, causing us to constantly lose and fall?

In fact, by the end, everyone will realize that I have no clear judgment, or that I refuse to make a clear judgment.

Actually, since the beginning of Western modern history, since the beginning of China’s modernization process 100 years ago, since the May 4th era, female students have become a brand new social image, and since male students and new youths have flooded the streets together, women Is always one of the biggest issues in society.

But women’s issues are always accompanied by social progress, women’s retrogression, women’s progress, social retrogression, or social progress, while some women are making progress, while other women are falling.

Return to the premise just now, because women are half of human beings, so women are bound to be distributed among different countries, nations, races, regions, classes, and skin color issues. Every discussion on this issue will be a pseudo-proposition if it lacks a female dimension; and one isolates all about class, race, nationalism, revolution and war The feminine proposition of thinking about history and reality, and the integrality of progress and retrogression may not necessarily be a pseudo-proposition, but it may be a proposition with trapping.

One of the most common pitfalls is:

A certain kind of woman thinks that she can represent the whole and all of a woman.

Of course, such a discussion will soon face another dilemma, that is, there are always patriarchs. Frankly, I prefer to use the term patriarchal chauvinism, which is the mainstream social conservative morality. Scientists, They will use women who are half of humans, women who are different, high-class, young, highly educated and successful women, and women who are on the brink of old age and are disabled There is no common ground between them as an excuse to cancel the “logic” of the female proposition.

So when we talk about female propositions, we are faced with ambush on all sides, but without the preparation for ambush on ten sides, it is not enough to deal with female propositions. Returning to my discussion, we will see that during the turn of the 21st century and the first 20 years of the 21st century, a prominent change is:

Female producers with great strength, in a very highThe rapid development momentum has begun to emerge and highlight in the entire cultural industry and cultural production.

I will just cite a few examples, each of which contains its own historical context, cultural context, and cultural process. I will share with you a woman’s involvement in cultural production, and women’s participation in mass cultural production, popular industry, The dominant position in fashion culture is very clearly highlighted.

A name, everyone may be very familiar with it, J.K. Rowling. J.K. Rowling’s series of novels “Harry Potter”, and the film production of her powerfully leading series of films, has formed a special global cultural landscape for more than ten years.

J.K. Rowling, author of “Harry Potter”

It’s an exaggeration to say that JK Rowling’s “Harry Potter” has activated the seemingly declining cultural habit of reading on a global scale, reading paper books, reading novels, Reading of multiple volumes of novels.

At the same time, this series of movies, it has made the forgotten and marginalized British performing arts industry, British cultural industry, with the help of Hollywood, once again appeared in the foreground of popular culture.

This series of movies makes the British cultural industry once again appear in the foreground of popular culture

At the same time, J.K. Rowling created himself through “Harry Potter”, or put himself on the global rich list.

She is a successful person of today’s era, so her story is one of the most powerful inspirational stories at the end of the 20th century: a single mother, an unemployed woman, a woman who can’t afford heating in winter, in a cafe Created a legend. The legend of “Harry Potter” is also a legend of cultural writing and cultural industry.

The second example was born after J.K. Rowling, a set of novels that suddenly became popular in Europe and America, “Twilight.”

I am most impressed by seeing the local text version of “Twilight” in large supermarkets in Latin America, Peru, and Asia, and seeing the DVD sales of movies.

Vampire Writing in “Twilight”

Of course, this time, the story called “The Vampire Witches”, which actually highlights or hints at a certain degree of female dominance that always exists in English literature, we will call it fantasy literature. The context is Vampire writing.

If we dig into it, Vampire writing is a writing about gender, a writing about sex, and a writing with sexual fantasy.

It carries men’s fears, men’s fears of the outsiders and inner outsiders of the entire modern society and modern civilization; it also carries the worries of the bourgeois men and bourgeois men about the chastity of their wives and daughters.

The so-called vampire’s vampire, the vampire’s initial embrace, has its own meaning of breaking, so it is full of charm and fear.

Then it will lead to a very important female