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In the college entrance examination arena, the rumor that “400 points can go to Tsinghua Peking University” once caused Beijing candidates to be labeled as “birth and lie down to win the college entrance examination”, and they have been jealous of foreign students for many years.

However, if you look at the more detailed prestigious school online rate, the true “native winner-level” players may be someone else.

What kind of existence is the so-called “college entrance examination heaven”?

Tianjin settling down welfare is a bit unusual: “The score is 60-100 points lower, and children can easily go to famous schools.”

1. The 985 college admission rate is very different

According to the statistics and conversion of the number of college entrance examinations in various provinces in China, the number of admissions to a college, and the number of admissions to 985 colleges in 2017, Tianjin leads with 5.81% of the admission rate of 985 colleges in a ranking of the admission rate of 985 colleges and universities across the country Nationwide.

Beijing and Shanghai students, who are most often named “the proud son of heaven”, are ranked behind Tianjin.

5.81% Of the results are far higher than the national average of about 2% of the admission rate of 985 colleges and universities, and more than five times that of the rear players in Anhui, Henan, Guizhou and other places.

Not only that, in different year but similar transcripts, Tianjin ranks at the top:

In 2018, the national average admission rate of 211 colleges and universities was about 6.25%. Tianjin ranked third in the country with 12.68%, closely following Beijing’s 13.99% and Shanghai’s 13.58%. At the bottom, Guangdong and Guangxi have an admission rate of less than 3%.

In 2019, the national average acceptance rate for a book was around 18%, while Tianjin’s rate reached 35.9%, second only to Beijing’s 36.3%. In contrast, Henan, Guangxi, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Shandong and other provinces have less than one-third of those in Beijing and Tianjin.

Such differences are not difficult to understand. Behind the lack of disparity in admission opportunities is the long-standing difference in quota allocation and educational resources in different regions.

In short, in Beijing, Tianjin and other places with 600 points, and in Henan, Anhui and other places with 600 points, the choices in front of candidates are completely different——

College entrance examination admission is based on the ranking of students in the province where they are tested. The number of candidates and the number of admissions varies from place to place, and the relationship between the two may not be completely proportional.

The college entrance examination is not only a score contest, but also a quotaCompetition and qualifying competition. /unsplash

At present, we mainly implement a “provincial quota” enrollment system, that is, colleges and universities can be within the nationally approved enrollment scale, and the school’s sub-provincial (district , City) The enrollment plan is compiled by major. In order to take into account fairness, a small number of plans can also be reserved to adjust the imbalance in the source of students for the unified examination in various regions.

In actual operation, however, due to the nature of the school’s ownership, location, local investment in colleges, and local economic differences, the autonomous quota link of colleges and universities will inevitably be tilted.

From the overall data, my country’s current college entrance examination admission rate is close to 80%. It seems that this is not a situation of excessive “more monks and less porridge”. Why are everyone fighting so hard?

Actually, the more the fight at the top of the pyramid, the more intense it becomes.

In other words, the contradiction arising from the quotas of different provinces is more concentrated on the “985/211 and other key colleges and universities’ quota allocation and the delineation of scores, and the resulting regional differences in higher education entrance opportunities” .

Areas with an advantage in admissions opportunities generally have good educational resources. /pexels

As mentioned in the previous data, from the acceptance rate of a college to 211 colleges, and then to the competition for 985 college places, the admission opportunities of advantageous places are larger and larger than the national average and lower-ranked places. The gap.

Not only that, regions with an advantage in admissions opportunities generally have good educational resources.

According to a 2016 fiscal education expenditure, Shandong ranked first in the country with 182.6 billion education expenditures, and Tianjin’s figure was 50.2 billion. But when it comes to the education cost per 10,000 people, the latter is twice that of the former.

More education investment per capita can bring more abundant higher education resources and cultivate a better source of basic education students.

Both can make the so-called “college entrance examination heaven” more heavenly.

2. “Take the account and go to Tianjin for the college entrance examination.”

This piece of land with two 985 colleges and universities with five to sixty thousand candidates for college entrance examinations every year will inevitably be overwhelmed by the resources of higher education. However, the candidates have hundreds of thousands or even millions of students around to dream about going to Tianjin for college entrance examination.

There is indeed an entrance on this road.

“A straight drop of 80 points in the college entrance examination! Why do you need to go to a junior college if you can go to an undergraduate?”

“Being lower than Beijing’s college entrance examination scores, to add a percentage to the children’s college entrance examination, famous universities are not a dream!”

……

In August 1994, the Tianjin Municipal Government Office forwarded the “Interim Regulations on the Management of Blue Seal Accounts in Tianjin”, which pointed out that residents of other provinces and cities may apply for blue seal accounts through channels such as house purchase and investment. Holders of this type of household registration enjoy the same treatment as permanent residents in this city.

The door to the “college entrance examination heaven” was hit by a gap, and then it got bigger and bigger.

Tianjin City Lanyin Account Management Interim Regulations promulgated in 1994

According to statistics from the Tianjin Municipal Government, in the past 20 years since the implementation of the Blue Seal account, Tianjin has approved a total of 312,687 people with various types of blue seal accounts.

According to the statistics of the Tianjin Municipal Department of Land, Infrastructure and Housing Management, since 2009, household registration personnel from other provinces and cities accounted for 31% of the total sales of commercial housing in Tianjin, of which the blue-printed household registration accounted for 40-50%.

The “China Youth Daily” learned from a person in charge of the Tianjin Public Security Bureau that the Blue Seal account has brought Tianjin an annual increase in the number of examinations of 3,500 people, accounting for about 5% of the total number of college entrance examinations in the city that year. There are also statistics that indicate that in 2013 alone, this number reached 8,000.

In fact, many parents want to exchange a real estate for a college entrance examination place for their children, in order to realize “college entrance examination immigration”.

Among them, Wuqing County (later changed to Wuqing District), which has relatively low housing prices and more cost-effective investment, has become a treasure of Fengshui. Statistics show that there are 35.2% of the city’s blueprint account holders.

Yangcun No. 1 Middle School in Wuqing District, originally located in a remote area and inferior to the urban area, has also accelerated its rise due to the influx of high-scoring foreign candidates. In recent years, it has been described as “a rapid growth in Tianjin City.” The ranks of the High School First Army.”

In recent years, Tianjin College Entrance Examination No. 1 in liberal arts and sciences and the student source school, Yangcun No. 1 Middle School has performed well.

In schools similar to Yangcun No. 1 Middle School, many foreign candidates came to Tianjin to take the exam when they came to Tianjin to take the exam in the first two or three years of high school.

For example, Chen Zhe, an examinee from Henan, introduced to Xinhuanet that he had taken the college entrance examination in Tianjin in 2008 and was admitted to Central China Normal University with a score of 550.

Chen Zhe was thankful that her parents helped her get her registered permanent residence in Tianjin during the half semester before the college entrance examination. Because the same score was placed in her hometown of Henan, she probably could only go to two colleges and universities, if she was lucky, she might be able to get a regular one. .

What’s even more shocking is that this chain of interests even gave birth to a set of “the ultimate plug-in for college entrance examination”: the Tianjin Class of Hengshui Middle School.

The Hengshui review mode is superimposed on Tianjin’s superior admission rate-it sounds like it can smash a new way for candidates who regard the college entrance examination as purgatory.

3. Competition for starting line resources

But not everyone is applauding this “prosperity”.

Foreign high-score candidates are mostly airborne players. They through a short stay and passing an exam to bring excellent results, they also quickly took away the original local prestigious school places.

There are local parents in Tianjin who are dissatisfied with the recruitment of foreign students in some high schools. They think this is an encroachment on Tianjin’s local educational resources. “Part of the funds for Tianjin’s demonstration school is financial investment. Contributions of taxpayers”.

The source of the students is also distressed.

According to a China Youth Daily report, the Binzhou Education Bureau of Shandong has not allowed schools in the city to cooperate with Tianjin High School’s publicity and issue student status certificates, hoping to reduce the loss of outstanding students.

An education-related staff member in Chengde, Hebei also introduced to the media that “Tianjin High School interfered with the normal teaching and management of local middle schools.” The Education Bureau required the local middle schools not to accept the admissions promotion or organize registration exams.

In February 2009, Tianjin reformed the college entrance examination policy in different places, and the new blueprint accountRegulations were introduced, and the threshold for household entry was changed to “a one-time payment for the purchase of a new commercial house of 400,000-800,000 yuan.”

However, in the face of the highlight of the college entrance examination, there are always people who think that the money is worth it, and that the blessings that the hukou brings to people are huge.

There is still a steady stream of people who want to come in, and the real estate still advertises “Win account, win the starting line” loudly.

Even on May 31, 2014, Tianjin officially abolished the blueprint household registration policy, and the “open road” of “college entrance examination immigrants” officially ushered in farewell. This undercurrent seems to be still surging.

After the birth of the new points-based household and the Haihe Elite Program, doubts about “Tianjin college entrance examination immigrants disrupting the order of competition” still exist in recent years.

At the end of last year, Jing Hongyang, director of the Tianjin Education Commission, introduced to the media that in 2020, the college entrance examination registration management and qualification review will be further tightened.

“It is strictly forbidden to transfer abnormal student status, leave the student status empty, and prohibit the separation of status. High schools are not allowed to recruit students, transfer students, and auditors, and cannot accept applicants who are not students of the school. Promote this school’s source of students, and do not issue any recommendation certification materials related to college entrance examinations for candidates who are not students of this school.”

4. Apart from “college entrance examination paradise”, what is left in Tianjin

On May 16, 2018, Tianjin joined the robbery battle.

In less than a day after the release of the new talent introduction plan, 300,000 people immediately applied for inquiries about settlement.

The threshold was lowered, and everyone flocked. The 2019 Tianjin government work report pointed out that the “Haihe Talents” action plan introduced 133,000 talents of various types with an average age of 31 years.

But look at the data more specifically: Among the permanent residents of Tianjin in 2018, the registered population only increased by 19,500 compared with the previous year. @央视新闻报 also pointed out that the reporter asked 32 settlers at the offline application office and found that 3/4 were from Beijing.

Among them, how many people are unable to settle in Beijing or other cities due to strict restrictions and want to take advantage of this to enjoy the dividends of Tianjin’s educational resources, but do not intend to stay in Tianjin for development-this is like Repeat the mistakes of the Lanyin account.

According to The Paper News report, in response to the above-mentioned ideas, relevant leaders of Tianjin stated that “the Haihe Talents program introduces talents, especially outstanding young talents and high-end talents, not household registration, not college entrance examination immigrants.”

But how much can Tianjin really achieve in terms of attracting and retaining talents?

The actual figures reveal a little bit of optimism.

For example, “Analysis of Employment Quality of Tianjin University Graduates in 2018” pointed out that the overall rate of staying in Tianjin for graduates of Tianjin University that year was 35.22%, and the data of 985 next door is even more worrying. “Report on Employment Quality of 2019 Graduates of Nankai University” It shows that the average employment ratio of this year’s undergraduates, masters, and doctoral degrees in Tianjin is 18.4%.

It is difficult to retain talents who have trained their own top2 colleges and universities for four years or more, not to mention recruiting people from other places, really harvesting and retaining these talents.

In 2019, Tianjin’s GDP was 1,410.428 billion yuan, an increase of 4.8% over the previous year, but its ranking dropped from sixth to tenth.

Tianjin, which has always been the main industrial route, has long been criticized for “lack of innovation.” This deficiency has naturally caused weakness in the development of emerging industries, employment attraction, and talent retention.

For example, the number of original well-known Internet companies, Tianjin is not only less than Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen first-tier cities, but also less than second-tier Nanjing, Zhengzhou, Chengdu and other places;

《2019According to the China Unicorn Enterprise Research Report, there were 218 unicorn enterprises in China in 2019, of which 5 were in Tianjin. However, the five companies are all ranked behind 100, and two of them are actually headquartered not in Tianjin, but in Beijing.

More job opportunities, higher salaries, and a broader entrepreneurial atmosphere… The aura and temptation of Beijing are as great as the passiveness of Tianjin.

It is the opportunities and prospects that retain young people.

In fact, having missed the Internet bus, Tianjin has also worked hard on other tracks in recent years.

In 2017, Tianjin held the first World Intelligence Conference, and put forward the slogan of “intelligent manufacturing as a breakthrough, to accelerate the development of the intelligent technology industry, and create a new economic growth point”.

Intelligent manufacturing has become a way to break through.

At the end of 2019, Tianjin Bureau of Industry and Information Technology pointed out that the number of smart manufacturing enterprises in the city accounted for nearly 20% of the industrial enterprises above designated size. According to the “World Intelligent Manufacturing Center Development Trend Report (2019), Tianjin’s intelligent manufacturing level ranks 4th in the country and the top 50 in the world. 10 bits.

The “Policies and Measures to Further Support the Development of Intelligent Manufacturing in Tianjin” issued in September this year continued to invest real money in the upgrading of enterprise intelligence and the development of the industrial Internet, with a maximum subsidy of 50 million yuan.

Tianjin is using actions to show that he does not want to miss another opportunity for a real upgrade.

The sound of bad-mouthing also originated in 2017-Tianjin’s economic growth rate, which has led the country for a long time, dropped to its lowest point in many years.

There is another version of this story. Tianjin took the initiative to squeeze water and adjusted the GDP of Binhai New Area in 2016 from trillion to 665.4 billion..

“Tianjin Daily” published a commentary article and mentioned: “Let economic data grow without moisture, and let the people’s happiness increase without moisture. What you get is a thick lining, which is long-term face.” /p>

If we can focus on people’s true happiness, and can support happiness with powerful economic industries and social resources, there is no need to worry about such a land without the injection of fresh blood.

People who come here will not be for the so-called “college entrance examination heaven”, but because of the city.

Reference materials:

1. High-quality university enrollment quotas by province: implementation status, regional differences and optimization paths, Gao Dandan, Chongqing Higher Education Research, 2017.03

2. After the “patches” of the Tianjin Talents New Deal, the young “beijing drifters” who settle down are worried about being delisted, The Paper, 2018.05

3. Tianjin, a rising smart “city capital”, Zhang Lei, Lan Mediahui, June 2019

4. The list of top ten GDP cities may change this year: Tianjin may fall, Wuhan will be affected, Li Xiuzhong, China Business News, April 2020

5. Tianjin supports the development of smart manufacturing policies to “upgrade” and accelerate the cultivation of emerging industries, Zhang Daozheng and Zhang Jinrong, China News Network, 2020.09

6. 20 years of Tianjin Lanyin Hukou: The college entrance examination immigrants and local students continue to friction, Liu Lin, Xinhuanet, 2014.04

7. “College Entrance Exam Immigrants” rush to transfer to Tianjin without hesitation, China Youth Daily, 2005.05