This article is from the public number: Mars Institute (ID: Society of Mars) , author: cosmic horizon, the original title “Betelgeuse explode into a supernova yet? !! Will be brighter than the full moon and visible during the day! It may have burst 500 years ago, and the light is still on its way “
Senju Si is getting darker, and everyone wants to know what it means?
The star of Sansu 4 will become a supernova explosion at the end of its lifetime, but this is not expected to happen for tens of thousands of years. So what caused the light to dim?
Legend: This imaginary picture of Sansu IV depicts the scene seen near Sansu IV;
Picture: ESO, L. Calcada
Astronomer Edward Ginan of Villanova University (Edward Guinan) and Richard Vasatonik (Richard Wasatonic) was the first person to report the darkening of Sangsu IV in recent times. Astronomers report that Shenxu further darkened.
It is also pointed out that although the star of Sansui 4 is still dimming, its dimming speed isSlow down. Sansu IV is a red superstar in Orion. Sansu IV left the main sequence about 1 million years ago and has been a red superstar about 40,000 years ago.
Sansu IV is the predecessor of SN II whose core collapsed. This means that Sansu IV will eventually burn enough hydrogen so that the core of Sansu IV will collapse and Sansu IV will explode as a supernova . The four stars are called semi-regular variable stars, which means that the brightness of the four stars is variable. Participation period is about 420 days, and the other period is about five or six years.
The third cycle is shorter, about 100 to 180 days. Although most of its fluctuations are predictable and follow these cycles, some of them are not, like current dimming. Astronomers have been monitoring Sansu IV for a long time, and the visual observation of the star of Sansu IV dates back to about 180 years ago.
Since the 1920s, the American Association of Variable Observers (AAVSO) has performed more systematic measurements. About 40 years ago, astronomers at the University of Villanova began to make systematic photometric measurements of the four brightness levels. The photometry data for the past 25 years is the most comprehensive. According to these data, the star of Sansu 4 is as dim as ever.
The four radiuses of the participating places have increased by 9%
According to a post on the Astronomer Telegram by Guinan and Wasatonic, the temperature of Sanssouci has fallen by 100 Kelvin since September 2019, and its luminosity has dropped by almost 25% over the same time frame. Based on all these measurements, the radius of Sansu 4 has increased by about 9%, and this swelling is expected to occur as Sansu 4 gets older.
In a way, we are fortunate to have our fellows so close to us, at least in astronomy. There are only 650 light from the earthThis made it a great “teacher.” This is the only star except the sun that can see surface details.
This helps astrophysicists understand what is going on there and on other similar stars. Like all stars, Shensu IV generates heat in its core through fusion. Heat is transferred to the surface through convection, and the current carrying the heat is called a convection circle, and black patches can be seen on the surface.
As the stars rotate, these cells rotate in and out of sight, which results in the variability observed by Sansui. Convection circles can be huge, especially on the surface of huge stars like Sansui. In 2013, scientists reported evidence of convection circles on the sun for months.
This is not decisive, but will something similar be the cause of the dimming of Sansui? This dim episode may not be the star itself, but a cloud of gas and dust blocking the light. As time went on, Shensu IV burned more fuel and lost more mass.
When Sansu 4 loses mass, Sansu’s gravity on its outer edge will weaken, and the gas cloud will escape to the area around the star, which may cause the current darkening episode. Or could it be other reasons? We know a lot about stars, but not everything. We have never seen any other red superstars like Sansui.
The precursor of the four explosions in the hostel?
Astronomers know what will happen, but just don’t know when it will happen. No matter what the reason, astronomers know what the final outcome of Participation 4 is: a supernova explosion . Is this dimming directly related to the imminent catastrophic death of the unstable star Sanxu?
It’s unclear. As Guinan and Wasatonic stated in the Astronomer Telegram: The unusual behavior of the participants should be closely watched. When Sansui finally turns into a supernova, it will be the most fascinating act of nature that humans have witnessed. Other supernovae such as SN185 and SN1604 are much farther away than Sansui. When Sansui becomes a supernova: It will become the third brightest celestial body in the sky, second only to the sun and the full moon!
But some astronomers estimate that it will be brighter than the moon, and Sanju will illuminate the sky like other supernovas, and will last for months, visible during the day, and cast shadows at night. Then, after about three years, it will fade to its current brightness.
About six years after becoming a supernova, Senju will not even appear in the night sky, and hunters in Orion will no longer exist. Exactly when this will happen, no one knows. Although this recent dimming is likely to be directly related to the final supernova explosion in Sansu IV, astronomers are currently not sure of this.
This article is from public number: Mars Society (ID: Mars Society) , author: Universe aspect