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On February 5, Wuhan Children’s Hospital confirmed two cases of neonatal coronavirus-infected pneumonia. The youngest confirmed baby was born only 30 hours. The newborn was born on February 2, 2020, and the mother was diagnosed with a new coronavirus pneumonia infection. In order to avoid the influence of factors such as amniotic fluid, a new coronavirus nucleic acid test was performed on infants after 30 hours of birth, which showed a positive (Infection) . Experts consider that there may be a new route of transmission of the new coronavirus-vertical transmission from mother to child.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (20) 30360-3

On February 12, a retrospective study published in The Lancet (The Lancet) evaluated pregnancy Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 and the possibility of vertical transmission from mother to child. The study involved 9 pregnant women with COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosed at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 20 to January 31, 2020. (Age range 26 years old ~ 40 years of age, 36 weeks to 39 weeks of admission (+4 days) . All patients had no underlying disease (such as diabetes, chronic hypertension, or cardiovascular disease) .

AllThe patient had a caesarean section in the third trimester. Seven of these patients had a fever (No one had a high fever, that is, the body temperature was> 39 degrees) , and the patients’ body temperature was within the range of 36.5 ° C ~ 38.8 ° C fluctuation. Both patients with normal body temperature before caesarean section had a postpartum fever (range 37.8 ° C ~ 39.3 ° C) . At the same time, other symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection were observed: cough (4 cases) , myalgia (3 cases) , sore throat (2 cases) , unwell (2 cases) . Five of the 9 patients had lymphopenia (<1.0 × 10 ^ cells per L) . Transaminase concentrations increased in 3 patients.

CT scan of chest of 9 patients

Four of the nine patients had preterm birth (all over 36 weeks of gestation) , but the cause of preterm birth was not related to COVID-19 pneumonia. As of February 4, 2020, all patients had no severe pneumonia or death, and all newborns had survived.

Newborn Outcomes

When these pregnant women gave birth by caesarean section, doctors collected samples of amniotic fluid, cord blood, and throat swabs from newborns. In addition, breast milk samples were collected from patients after their first breastfeeding. The researchers said that all of these samples were taken in the operating room at birth to ensure that the samples were not contaminated and best represent the condition of the fetus in the womb.

The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 was negative in all the above samples. This also means that there is no evidence that patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in late pregnancy can cause adverse neonatal outcomes through vertical intrauterine transmission. It is worth noting, however, that the study was small and only involved pregnant women who delivered by caesarean in late pregnancy.