This article comes from the public number: Urban War (ID: sunbushu123) , author: Sun unfamiliar topic map from: vision China
Recently, “Metropolis” has once again become a high-frequency hot word.
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Recently, the Shenzhen Development and Reform Commission announced the work plan for 2020. Expressed that it will speed up the planning of the Shenzhen metropolitan area, clearly mentioning that it will coordinate the participation of the four cities of Dongguan, Huizhou, Heyuan, and Shanwei to help the integration of Heyuan and Shanwei Construction of the Greater Bay Area .
From “Shenzhen-Wanhui Economic Circle” to “Shenzhen-Wanhui Metropolis Circle” to “Shenzhen Metropolis Circle”, the change of name also brought about changes in connotation. “Economy Circle” is often limited to the integration of the industrial level, The “Metropolitan Area” is an all-round integration of economy, life, culture and education.
From the “Shenzhen-Huihui Metropolitan Area” to the “Shenzhen Metropolitan Area”, in addition to expanding the space category to Guanhui Heshan, it is more important to clarify the core leading role of Shenzhen. Since last year, the central government has issued a number of documents requesting to increase the energy level of central cities and promote the tilting of land resources to central cities, indicating that the number of central cities will only increase in the future.
In addition, this is also an approach that is in line with international standards, such as the New York metropolitan area, Tokyo metropolitan area, and Greater Paris metropolitan area, which all emphasize the business card effect of core cities.
After the completion of the Shenzhen metropolitan area, it will achieve an area of 37,131 square kilometers, a total population of 32.89 million, and an economic total of 4,247.6 billion yuan.
In addition to Shenzhen, the Guangzhou metropolitan area has also been brewing since last year. According to the “Guangzhou” Fourteenth Five-Year Plan “Preparation Work Plan published in January this year, the” Guangzhou Metropolitan Area Plan “has been incorporated into the Guangzhou Fourteenth Five-Year Plan.
Analysis believes that the Guangzhou metropolitan area, on the basis of the original Guangfo Zhao Economic Circle, is expected to increase cities such as Qingyuan, Shaoguan, and Yunfu. The area of this “circle” will reach 71,306 square kilometers, with a population of 37.11 million, 40,564 The total economic volume of 100 million.
More importantly, on May 8, the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government announced the “Several Measures for Guangdong Province to Establish and Improve the System and Policy System for the Integration of Urban and Rural Development”. Among them, “name” the five major metropolitan areas in Guangdong-scientifically formulate development plans for Guangzhou, Shenzhen, the west bank of the Pearl River Mouth, Shanchao Jie, and Zhanmao metropolitan areas.
Of these five metropolitan areas, only Guangzhou and Shenzhen have obtained the naming rights, while the other three metropolitan areas, due to the lack of a strong core city, can only be jointly named for the time being, but in the long run, Zhuhai, Shantou, Zhanjiang, etc.The three provincial sub-center cities will become the core of the other three urban agglomerations.
Recently, many readers have asked whether Shanchao will re-integrate and establish a sub-provincial city after it opens its circle.
My feeling is that a merger is possible. After all, the three places are originally a family, but it is almost impossible to set up a sub-provincial city. Guangdong already has two sub-provincial levels, and another sub-provincial level, for other Province is unfair. For example, in the six central provinces of NuoDa University, there has always been only a sub-provincial city in Wuhan, which shows that this threshold is very high.
In other words, Shanchao Jie has missed the best time to establish a sub-provincial level. If, at the beginning of the reform and opening up, the Chaoshan area relied on unique overseas Chinese businessmen resources, it would be possible to declare a planned city as Xiamen did. In addition, it should be noted that the merger of the three places is not necessarily the best choice, because after the merger, it is likely that Shantou will be the city center. Will Chaozhou and Jieyang be downgraded to the suburbs of Shantou?
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Besides Guangshen, Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing are also building circles. In particular, Beijing has set up a circle in the “three northern counties” of Beijing, which is a great breakthrough.
On March 17, the National Development and Reform Commission announced on the official website “Beijing Tongzhou District and Hebei Province Sanhe, Dachang, Xianghe Three Counties and Cities Collaborative Development Plan”, which will create a world-class harmonious and livable city demonstration area and new town Demonstration area and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area.
The expression about this “circle” is:
“Give full play to the radiating leading role of the Beijing city sub-center, promote the high-quality development of Tongzhou District and the three northern counties, achieve functional division of labor coordination, transportation interconnection, ecological co-construction and co-management, facility co-construction and sharing, safety joint prevention and joint control, exploration The coordinated mechanism of unified planning, unified policies, unified standards, and unified management and control has become a model of coordinated development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei border area. “
“With the construction of the Beijing city sub-center as the command, we will strive to build a world-class and harmonious and livable city demonstration area, a new urbanization demonstration area, and a Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development demonstration area.”
Simply put, First, the release level is very high , directly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission; Second, the strategic positioning is very high , positioned as a demonstration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional collaborative development District; The third is that the gold content is very high , the Beijing subway will break through the administrative boundary and be repaired directly to the northern three counties.
Promote the construction of intercity railways, and build a passenger hub system with Beijing city sub-center as the main center, supplemented by Yizhuang Station, Yanjiao Station, Sanhe Station, and Xianghe Station.
And last year, Shanghai also picked 7 cities and built a metropolitan area.
In addition to Shanghai, the Yangtze River Delta has a total of 25 cities. Shanghai selected seven small brothers from Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Nantong, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Zhoushan and Huzhou.
Looking closely at these 7 cities, Su Xi is often the closest to Shanghai and the most stable back garden in Shanghai. Nantong is Shanghai’s “new favorite”. In recent years, it has developed the fastest among the cities around Shanghai and Shanghai The third airport is also expected to settle in Nantong.
Ningbo and Zhoushan have super ports, and Shanghai is full of imagination on the interconnection of ports, and Ningbo businessmen have very close ties with Shanghai. There are inextricable blood and cultural connections between the two places. Huzhou and Jiaxing are the closest cities from Zhejiang to Shanghai, and their inclusion in the Shanghai metropolitan area is also due.
After the successful establishment of the circle, the Shanghai metropolitan area will become the largest metropolitan area in China’s economy.
The Nanjing metropolitan area includes eight cities of Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou, Huai’an, Ma’anshan, Chuzhou, Wuhu, and Xuancheng, with a total area of 64,600 square kilometers, a permanent population of 36.747 million, and a total economic volume of 32.73 billion yuan.
Interestingly, there are eight cities in the Nanjing metropolitan area, with four each in Jiangsu and Anhui, indicating that this metropolitan area has completely broken the administrative boundaries and fully followed the market logic.
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What is the new way of playing in the metropolitan area?
In 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the “Guiding Opinions on Cultivating and Developing Modern Metropolitan Circle”, which marked the official start of the era of China’s modern metropolitan circle. This year is also known as China’s “first year of metropolitan circle”. The goal is clearly stated. By 2022, the urbanization of the metropolitan area will make significant progress; by 2035, a number of metropolitan areas with global influence will be formed .
Compared with urban agglomerations, the “sphere of influence” of the metropolitan area is smaller, but the cost of integration and development between cities is lower, the power is more sufficient, and the success rate is greater, so the gold content is much higher. In other words, urban agglomerations are generally on paper, and the metropolitan area is really achievable.
More importantly, the metropolitan area is very different from the previous economic circle.
As you know, the economic circle focuses on the integration of the industrial level, and often stops at the industrial interconnection. A typical scenario in the era of the economic circle is that the two cities have clearly merged, but the subway and bus are not connected, and the more they reach the administrative junction, the worse the road network. For example, the Shenzhen-Guanhui economic circle is so mature that there is no real cross-city subway yet.
Frankly speaking, in the era of the economic circle, there is no obligation to exchange subways between cities, and this motivation is lacking. Large cities will feel that helping small cities to repair subways will speed up their industry and talent spillovers and make wedding dresses for others.
In the era of the metropolitan area, it is completely different. The metropolitan area is not only the integration of industries, but also the integration of various dimensions such as infrastructure, culture, education, medical care, and social security. It is the minimum for the subway to break through the administrative boundary. Standards . On this basis, high-quality education and medical resources in large cities will also spill over to small cities in the circle.
So, the way of playing in the metropolitan era is completely different. As we all know, in the era of the economic circle, the outlet of urban construction is the suburbs of large cities. In the era of the metropolitan area, breaking the administrative boundaries and achieving inter-city integration and development have become a more urgent task, and the fiscal cake will further tilt towards this goal.
In this sense, the administrative border areas of metropolitan areas, especially first-tier cities, will become a new outlet for urban construction. These areas are particularly variable, and there are “heavens that change routes” and “rural areas that change cities”. Great opportunity.
So, what is the spatial radius of the metropolitan area? Where is its border? The National Development and Reform Commission’s “Guiding Opinions on Cultivating and Developing a Modern Metropolis Circle” has a clear definition:
The metropolitan area is an urbanized spatial form within the urban agglomeration centered on a super-large mega-city or a large city with strong radiation-driven functions and taking the 1-hour commuting circle as the basic range.
The keyword is “one-hour commuter circle”, which is a limitation of the space category of the metropolitan area. It is measured by the current expressway and rail transit. This one-hour commuter circle is actually a core city as the center, and a About 80 kilometers in a circle.
In this sense, the “three counties” around Beijing, as well as Gu’an and Yongqing near the Beijing New Airport, Suzhou, Nantong and Jiaxing around Shanghai, Foshan, Zhongshan and Qingyuan around Guangzhou and Dongguan around Shenzhen In Huizhou, there will be violent chemical reactions in the era of the metropolitan area. The industry, infrastructure and property market in these places deserve strong attention.
This article comes from the public number: Urban War (ID: sunbushu123) , author: Sun unfamiliar